Table 1.
Characteristics of the 1,258 study participantsa
| Characteristic | Included in analysis (n = 590) | Not included in analysis (n = 668) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age at infant birth, mean (SD), y | 29.8 (5.2) | 29.4 (5.3) | .18 |
| Race/ethnicity | .11 | ||
| Non-Hispanic black/African American | 388 (65.8) | 434 (65.0) | |
| All othersb | 202 (34.2) | 234 (35.0) | |
| Infant sexc | .03 | ||
| Male | 312 (52.9) | 312 (46.8) | |
| Female | 278 (47.1) | 355 (53.2) | |
| Medicaid | .72 | ||
| Yes | 187 (31.7) | 170 (32.7) | |
| No | 403 (68.3) | 350 (67.3) | |
| Marital status | .02 | ||
| Married | 382 (64.7) | 391 (58.5) | |
| Unmarried | 208 (35.3) | 277 (41.5) | |
| Maternal education level greater than bachelor's of science | <.001 | ||
| Yes | 196 (33.2) | 155 (23.2) | |
| No | 394 (66.8) | 513 (76.8) | |
| Annual household income <40,000 | <.001 | ||
| Yes | 190 (32.2) | 287 (43.0) | |
| No | 322 (54.6) | 308 (46.1) | |
| Refused/don't know | 78 (13.2) | 73 (10.9) | |
| Parental history of asthma or allergy | .89 | ||
| Yes | 246 (45.4) | 279 (45.8) | |
| No | 296 (54.6) | 330 (54.2) | |
| Breastfed for >6 months | .008 | ||
| Yes | 156 (26.8) | 97 (19.9) | |
| No | 427 (7.32) | 391 (80.1) | |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy | .06 | ||
| Yes | 59 (10.0) | 90 (13.5) | |
| No | 531 (90.0) | 578 (86.5) | |
| Current smoker in householdd | .48 | ||
| Yes | 120 (20.3) | 38 (18.1) | |
| No | 470 (79.7) | 172 (81.9) | |
| Complementary food <4 months | .83 | ||
| Yes | 233 (39.5) | 176 (38.9) | |
| No | 357 (60.5) | 277 (61.1) |
a
Data are presented as number (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.
b
Includes 138 white infants (68.3%), 30 Hispanic/Latino infants (14.9%), and 34 infants of other races (16.8%).
c
One infant with missing data.
d
Current at 2- to 3-year interview.