. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016 Jan 27;99(Pt A):2–11. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.01.009

Table 2.

PtdSer-based delivery systems and their utility in various disease conditions

Carrier	Therapeutic agent delivered	Functional effect or mechanism of action	Indication or target	Reference
Liposomes	Prototypical gene (GFP plasmid)	Fusogenic property of PtdSer for enhanced DNA delivery	Gene delivery to lungs	[55]
	PtdSer	Clearance of HIV-bound particles	Antiviral (HIV infection)	[54]
	Phosphatidic acid (PA) or combination PA + isoniazid	Reduction of bacterial load	Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection	[42]
SapC-DOPS	Saposin C	Tumor cell apoptosis, lysosomal cell death	Pancreatic cancer, brain tumor imaging, glioblastoma, lung cancer, neuroblastoma	[46,127–132]
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)	LXR agonist	Reduced inflammation and number of CD68⁺ macrophages	Atherosclerosis	[48]
Carbon nanotubes	Cytochrome C	Disruption of endosomes and activation of the caspase cascade, apoptosis	Alveolar macrophages	[133]