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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 12.
Published in final edited form as: Immunity. 2015 Nov 17;43(5):845–858. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.10.023

Figure 3. Autocrine Activity of Neutrophil IL-17 in Fungal Infections.

Figure 3

Exposure of macrophages and dendritic cells to germinating spores or yeast induces production of IL-6 and IL-23, which activate a sub-population of bone marrow neutrophils that constitutively express IL-6 and IL-23 receptors on the cell surface and the RORγt transcription factor in the cytoplasm. RORγt translocates to the nucleus to initiate IL-17 gene expression. IL-6 and IL-23 also induce expression of cell surface IL-17RC, and as IL-17RA is constitutively expressed, neutrophils can be activated by autocrine or paracrine IL-17. These activated neutrophils also express Dectin-2 and Dectin-3 (MCL), and subsequent exposure to hyphae results in increased production of reactive oxygen species that promotes fungal killing. Diagram based on Taylor et al. (2014b).