Table 3.

Associations between Demographic Variables and Agreement with Explicit Bias Questions

Variable	Category	More Challenging N = 145			Less Urgent N = 145			Less Compliant N = 145
Variable	Category	N (%) Agree	Odds Ratio^a	95% CI	N (%) Agree	Odds Ratio^a	95% CI	N (%) Agree	Odds Ratio^a	95% CI
Overall		33 (22%)			38 (33%)			48 (33%)
Role in ED	Physician or Advanced Practice Provider	9 (19%)	1.0		13 (27%)	1.0		9 (19%)	1.0
Role in ED	Nurse or Other	24 (24%)	1.4	(0.5, 3.8)	35 (35%)	1.2	(0.5, 2.7)	39 (39%)	1.8	(0.7, 4.4)
Years in practice	<6	14 (33%)	6.4^**	(1.8, 22.4)	18 (42%)	3.5^**	(1.4, 8.7)	16 (37%)	1.6	(0.6, 4.0)
	6–10	8 (28%)	5.6^**	(1.5, 21.2)	11 (38%)	3.0^*	(1.1, 8.2)	10 (34%)	1.6	(0.6, 4.4)
	>10	4 (6%)	1.0		11 (17%)	1.0		15 (23%)	1.0
Race	White	24 (19%)	1.0		38 (29%)	1.0		38 (29%)	1.0
Race	Other	2 (29%)	3.8	(0.6, 23.2)	2 (29%)	1.1	(0.3, 6.1)	2 (29%)	1.9	(0.3, 10.9)
Sex	Female	24 (23%)	1.0		32 (31%)	1.0		33 (32%)	1.0
Sex	Male	2 (6%)	0.2	(0.05, 1.1)	8 (24%)	0.7	(0.3, 1.8)	7 (21%)	0.7	(0.3, 1.8)
Age	<30	8 (33%)	2.3	(0.5, 10.0)	11 (46%)	4.6^*	(1.3, 16.1)	11 (46%)	2.2	(0.6, 8.2)
	30–49	13 (16%)	1.3	(0.4, 4.6)	23 (29%)	2.2	(0.8, 6.5)	21 (27%)	1.3	(0.5, 3.8)
	≥50	4 (13%)	1.0		5 (16%)	1.0		7 (22%)	1.0
Location	Rural	11 (46%)	3.7	(0.5, 29.5)	12 (50%)	2.4	(0.5, 11.7)	14 (58%)	3.3	(0.6, 19.2)
Location	Urban	22 (18%)	1.0		36 (29%)	1.0		34 (27%)	1.0
% of American Indian children on a typical shift	0%–5%	5 (10%)	0.2^*	(0.1, 0.9)	11(22%)	0.3^*	(0.1, 0.9)	7 (14%)	0.1^**	(0.03, 0.4)
	6%–10%	4 (12%)	0.3	(0.1, 1.2)	11 (32%)	0.6	(0.2, 1.7)	9 (26%)	0.2^*	(0.1, 0.8)
	11% –25%	10 (33%)	0.9	(0.3, 2.8)	10 (33%)	0.5	(0.2, 1.5)	11 (37%)	0.3^*	(0.1, 1.0)
	More than 25%	14 (45%)	1.0		16 (52%)	1.0		21 (68%)	1.0

Odds ratios and 95% CIs based on an unadjusted logistic regression model with a random site effect. Similar results were obtained for models adjusted for other demographic variables (data not shown).

P-value <0.05

^**

P-value <0.01