Table1. Mitochondrial miRNAs.

List of published miRNAs identified in mitochondria, the method of detection, their mRNA targets, tissue of origin, global effect if known, and the citation.

miRNA/ Pre miRNA	Technique	Target	Tissue/Cell Type	Effect	Reference
33 Pre/25 miR	In silico analysis	ND6, ND4L, ND4, COX1, ND1	HeLa cells	Myogenesis, inflammation, fibrosis, oncogenic and oncosuppressor activities	[88]*
46 miRNA	qRT-PCR
miR 365 pre-miR 302a pre-Let7b	In situ hybridization
15 miRNA	miRNA microarray	COX3*	Rat liver-derived mitochondria	Cell cycle Cell division (in silico prediction)	[86]
miR 130a,b miR 140 miR 320 miR 494	TaqMan miRNA assay
13 miRNA: miR 1974 miR 1977 miR 1978	Microarray	ND1, ND4, ND5, ND6, COX1, COX2*	Mitochondria isolated from HeLa cells	ATP synthesis coupled electron transport, cell cycle, translation initiation	[63]
miR 494 miR 1275 miR 1974	qRT-PCR
miR-1	qRT-PCR	COX1, ND1	Mitochondria isolated from C2C12 myoblast and myotubes	Boost ATP production in muscle	[89]
miR-1192 miR-883	Microarray	COX1	Mitochondria isolated from adult rat heart	Complex IV remodeling Increased ROS generation	[96]
miR 181-c	qRT-PCR, in situ hybridization
MiR 181-c	In vivo miRNA overexpression	COX1	Mouse heart	Complex IV dysfunction Increased ROS generation and oxygen consumption	[97]
20 miRNA: miR-122 miR-805 miR-690	miRNA microarray stemloop miRNA qPCR assay	WARS, TFAM, BCL2, Pter, Gli3, Cftr, Mal, Clock, Hlf, Lif, sfrs8, Lcor, LBR, CD28, KRAS	Mouse liver mitochondria	Mitochondria dysfunction	[90]*
miR-705 miR-202- 5p miR-134
35 miRNAs	Deep sequencing		Mitochondria isolated from HeLa and HEK293		[103]
Let7b,g miR-122 miR-1819 miR-221 miR-320	qRT-PCR

^*(indicates that targets were identified by in silico analysis).