Table 3.
Changes in Headache Frequency and Disability at 20Weeks’ Posttreatment
| Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Plus Amitriptyline (n = 64) |
Headache Education Plus Amitriptyline (n = 71) |
Group Mean Difference in Change Scores (95% CI) |
t |
P Value |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline Score |
Post- treatment |
Change Score |
Baseline Score |
Post- treatment |
Change Score |
||||
| Headache frequency, da | |||||||||
| Mean (SD)b [range] | 21.3 (5.2) [15 to 28] |
9.8 (9.8) [0 to 28] |
−11.5 (8.5) [−28 to 12] |
21.3 (5.2) [15 to 28] |
14.5 (9.8) [0 to 28] |
−6.8 (8.5) [−26 to 8] |
4.7 (1.7 to 7.7) |
3.13 | .002 |
| Median (IQR) | 20.5 (16 to 28) | 5 (3 to 17) | −13 (−17 to −5) | 20 (16 to 27) | 12 (7 to 25) | −7 (−13 to 0) | |||
| Headache disabilityc | |||||||||
| Mean (SD)b [range] | 68.2 (31.7) [21 to 132] |
15.5 (17.4) [0 to 77] |
−52.7 (36.0) [−132 to 29] |
68.2 (31.7) [20 to 137] |
29.6 (42.2) [0 to 216] |
−38.6 (45.3) [−128 to 114] |
14.1 (3.3 to 24.9) |
2.58 | .01 |
| Median (IQR) | 59 (47 to 90) | 11 (3 to 18) | −51 (−76 to −27) |
64 (41 to 98) | 16.5 (3 to 36) | −37 (−66 to −13) |
|||
a
There was a significant reduction (≥50%) in days with headache in 42 youth (66%) in the cognitive behavioral therapy plus amitriptyline group vs 26 (36%) in the headache education plus amitriptyline group (odds ratio, 3.5 [95% CI, 1.7 to 7.2]; P < .001).
b
The means and standard deviations were corrected for missing data using the maximum likelihood estimation.
c
There was a significant reduction in headache disability (Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Score of <20) in 48 (75%) of the headache cognitive behavioral therapy plus amitriptyline group vs 40 (56%) of the headache education plus amitriptyline group (odds ratio, 2.4 [95% CI, 1.1 to 5.1]; P = .02).