Table 3.
Best-fit models that including genetic and gestational variables, early postnatal exposure, personality, and cortisol response
post1 | post2 | post3 | post4 | post5 | post6 | |
Intercept | −0.950 | −1.824 | −1.599 | −0.897 | −0.664 | −1.552 |
(1.165) | (1.126) | (1.144) | (1.181) | (1.17) | (1.162) | |
log(age at end) | 0.298 | 0.335a | 0.307 | 0.295 | 0.278 | 0.306 |
(0.164) | (0.162) | (0.164) | (0.166) | (0.164) | (0.166) | |
5HTT | −0.53b | −0.59b | −0.523b | −0.525b | −0.542b | −0.517b |
(0.185) | (0.186) | (0.185) | (0.185) | (0.184) | (0.185) | |
MAOA | 0.080 | −0.059 | 0.091 | 0.076 | 0.124 | 0.087 |
(0.254) | (0.257) | (0.255) | (0.254) | (0.254) | (0.255) | |
Sex | −0.284 | −0.272 | −0.273 | −0.284 | −0.267 | −0.272 |
(0.236) | (0.232) | (0.236) | (0.236) | (0.235) | (0.236) | |
Gestation location | −1.323c | −0.933c | −0.981c | −1.321c | −1.333c | −0.984c |
(0.367) | (0.224) | (0.226) | (0.367) | (0.366) | (0.227) | |
No. of locations | −0.564c | — | — | −0.560c | −0.560c | — |
(0.159) | (0.159) | (0.159) | ||||
No. of relocations | — | — | −0.479 | — | — | −0.476c |
(0.141) | (0.141) | |||||
Time (d) in hospital | — | −0.713 | — | — | — | — |
— | (0.467) | — | — | — | — | |
Rearing location | 0.407a | 0.316 | 0.401a | 0.398a | 0.498a | 0.394a |
(0.192) | (0.192) | (0.191) | (0.198) | (0.202) | (0.197) | |
Nervous | 0.345b | 0.350b | 0.340b | 0.361c | 0.327a | 0.361c |
(0.119) | (0.118) | (0.118) | (0.084) | (0.139) | (0.084) | |
Gentle | — | — | — | −0.037 | — | −0.041 |
— | — | — | (0.196) | — | (0.195) | |
ACTH stimulation | −0.001 | 0 | −0.001 | −0.001 | — | −0.001 |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | — | (0.001) | |
Cortisol sample 2 (evening, day 1) | — | — | — | — | −0.003 | — |
— | — | — | — | (0.002) | — | |
5HTT × sex | 0.639a | 0.694a | 0.620a | 0.635a | 0.632a | 0.615a |
(0.278) | (0.28) | (0.278) | (0.279) | (0.279) | (0.279) | |
MAOA × sex | −0.675a | −0.570a | −0.693a | −0.671a | −0.717a | −0.688a |
(0.310) | (0.313) | (0.313) | (0.31) | (0.316) | (0.313) | |
Gestation location × sex | 0.722b | 0.691a | 0.689a | 0.731b | 0.710a | 0.693a |
(0.278) | (0.275) | (0.276) | (0.282) | (0.283) | (0.28) | |
Gestation location × MAOA | 0.749a | 0.869b | 0.744a | 0.750a | 0.709a | 0.744a |
(0.298) | (0.300) | (0.300) | (0.298) | (0.298) | (0.300) | |
Gestation location × no. of locations | 0.383 | — | — | 0.379 | 0.383 | — |
(0.218) | (0.218) | (0.217) | ||||
Gestation location × no. of relocations | — | — | 0.443b | — | — | 0.441b |
(0.157) | (0.157) | |||||
Gestation location × time (d) in hospital | — | 0.689 | — | — | — | — |
(0.467) | ||||||
Rearing location × nervous | −0.738c | −0.679c | −0.749c | −0.719c | −0.716c | −0.725c |
(0.162) | (0.154) | (0.162) | (0.152) | (0.166) | (0.152) | |
Nervous × ACTH stimulation | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | ||||
Nervous × cortisol sample 2 | — | — | — | — | 0.001 | — |
(0.002) | ||||||
Gentle × ACTH stimulation | — | — | — | 0 | — | 0 |
(0.002) | (0.002) | |||||
AIC value and weight | 712.19 | 713.7 | 713.75 | 714.42 | 715.54 | 716.03 |
0.37 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.05 |
5HTT, presence of serotonin transporter gene short allele; MAOA, presence of monoamine oxidase A low-expression gene
Data are presented as β coefficients (SE) such that 0.0 indicates no difference associated with that variable. See Figure 2 for complete description of variables.
P < 0.05
P < 0.01
P < 0.001