Table 1. Baseline Characteristics.
| Characteristics | IMR (N = 180) | CR (N = 180) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 64.5 (11.9) | 65.8 (11.3) |
| Male, gender, n (%) | 96 (53.6%) | 111 (61.3%) |
| Education level (years)a | ||
| 0–5, n (%) | 38 (21.11%) | 34 (18.89%) |
| 5–8, n (%) | 64 (35.56%) | 80 (44.44%) |
| >8, n (%) | 78 (43.33%) | 66 (36.67%) |
| History of stroke, mean (SD), d | 34.09 (2.64) | 34.47 (2.69) |
| Side of hemiparesis, n (%) | ||
| Left | 109 (60.56) | 110 (61.11) |
| Right | 71 (39.44) | 70 (38.89) |
| Vascular risk factors | ||
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 94 (52.22) | 100 (55.56) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 110 (61.11) | 114 (63.33) |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 56 (31.11) | 52 (28.89) |
| Syndrome differentiationb | ||
| Type 1 | 36 (20.00%) | 49 (27.22%) |
| Type 2 | 43 (23.89%) | 42 (23.33%) |
| Type 3 | 65 (36.11%) | 62 (34.44%) |
| Type 4 | 36 (20.00%) | 27 (15.00%) |
| MBI, mean (SD) | 39.26 (15.50) | 39.48 (17.61) |
| NIHSS, mean (SD) | 10.19 (3.82) | 10.38 (4.07) |
| FMA, mean (SD) | 43.86 (16.07) | 44.23 (18.52) |
| Cognitive impairment, n (%) | 62 (34.44) | 69 (38.33) |
| MMSE, mean (SD)c | 16.02 (3.57) | 15.70 (3.43) |
| MoCA, mean (SD)c | 14.65 (3.10) | 13.96 (3.14) |
| PSD, n (%) | 76 (42.22) | 77 (42.78) |
| HAMD, mean (SD)c | 22.97 (4.42) | 23.06 (6.05) |
| SDS, mean (SD)c | 64.94 (5.40) | 63.95 (6.32) |
Abbreviations: IMR, Integrative medicine rehabilitation; CR, Conventional rehabilitation; MBI, Modified Barthel Index; NIHSS, The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; FMA, Fugl-Meyer Assessment; MMSE, The Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; PSD, post-stroke depression; HAMD, Hamilton’s Depression Scale; SDS, Self-Rating Depression Scale.
aEducation level: 0–5 years means elementary school, 5–8 years means middle school, >8 years means above high middle school.
bSyndrome differentiation: Type 1, Disturbance of wind-fire; Type 2, Phlegm-stasis blocking collateral; Type 3, Yin deficiency and wind act; Type 4, Qi deficiency and blood stasis.
cThe analysis of cognitive impairment (MoCA, MMSE) and post-stroke depression (HAMD, SDS) were made on the cases who tested with MMSE ≤24 & MoCA ≤20 and HAMD ≥8, respectively.