Table 2.

ESPGHAN Cystic Fibrosis Working Group Definition for DIOS in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis

Criteria	Explanation
1	Complete intestinal obstruction as evidenced by vomiting of bilious material and/or fluid levels in the small intestine on abdominal radiography
2	Fecal mass in the ileocecum
3	Abdominal pain and/or distension

Complete DIOS = 1 and 2 and 3. Incomplete/impending DIOS: 2 and 3 only.

DIOS, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome; ESPGHAN, European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.

Adapted from Houwen RH et al.²²