Table 1.
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics by PAD status
| All participants (n = 623) | PAD (n = 261) | Non-PAD (n = 362) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yrs | 54.1 ± 10.6 | 54.2 ± 10.7 | 53.5 ± 10.2 | 0.493 |
| Female, n (%) | 331 (51.3) | 163 (26.2) | 168 (27) | 0.01 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 358 (57.4) | 192 (30.8) | 166 (26.6) | 0.245 |
| Duration of diabetes, yrs | 6.8 ± 5.9 | 7.4 ± 6.2 | 6.2 ± 5.2 | 0.068 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 292 (46.9) | 143 (23) | 149 (23.9) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28 ± 8.2 | 29.8 ± 8.7 | 26.5 ± 7.6 | 0.043 |
| Height, cm | 163 ± 11 | 163 ± 12 | 164 ± 12 | 0.402 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 93 ± 13 | 95 ± 15 | 92 ± 24 | 0.034 |
| Hip circumference, cm | 102 ± 12 | 103 ± 14 | 101 ± 10 | 0.131 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.92 ± 0.09 | 0.92 ± 0.09 | 0.92 ± 0.23 | 0.873 |
| Waist-height ratio | 0.56 ± 0.07 | 0.59 ± 0.09 | 0.54 ± 0.07 | 0.855 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 133 ± 27 | 135 ± 25 | 130 ± 26 | 0.042 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 80 ± 13 | 83 ± 13 | 79 ± 13 | 0.25 |
| Pulse BP, mmHg | 55 ± 19 | 56 ± 21 | 54 ± 15 | 0.318 |
| Mean BP, mmHg | 98 ± 15 | 98 ± 16 | 98 ± 15 | 0.296 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 70 ± 13 | 79 ± 16 | 63 ± 15 | 0.008 |
| Employed, n (%) | 0.127 | |||
| Unemployed | 232 (37.2) | 108 (17.2) | 124 (20) | |
| Part-time employment | 38 (6.1) | 14 (2.2) | 24 (3.9) | |
| Full employment | 353 (56.7) | 136 (21.8) | 217 (34.9) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0.22 | |||
| Current | 32 (5.1) | 11 (1.7) | 21 (3.4) | |
| Former | 111 (17.9) | 44 (7) | 67 ((10.9) | |
| Never | 480 (77) | 203 (32.5) | 277 (44.5) | |
| Alcohol intake, n (%) | 189 (30.3) | 118 (18.9) | 71 (11.4) | 0.237 |
| Insulin use, n (%) | 177 (28.4) | 121 (19.4) | 56 (9) | 0.01 |