Table 2.
Summary of mixed model ANOVA results for dried shoot and root biomass in response to damage to simulate herbivory (50 % defoliation with simultaneous jasmonic acid application), harvest time (early versus late), species nested within family, and all interactions retained in the model using a step-down model-building approach. Factors were assessed using likelihood ratio tests with a χ2 distribution with 1 degree of freedom based on maximum likelihood values for fixed factors (F) and restricted maximum likelihood values for random factors (R). P-values are reported in parentheses and significant effects are in bold. Shoot and root biomass data were log-transformed prior to analysis
| Factors | Shoot biomass (g) | Root biomass (g) |
|---|---|---|
| (F) Damage | 14·5 (0·00014) | 9·6 (0·0019) |
| (F) Harvest time | 22·8 (<0·0001) | 7·9 (0·0049) |
| (F) Damage × harvest time | 0·5 (0·4795) | 2·3 (0·1293) |
| (R) Species (family) | 17·6 (<0·0001) | 8·7 (0·0031) |
| (R) Species × damage | 2·9 (0·0885) | 0·0 (1·0000) |
| (R) Species × harvest time | 43·1 (<0·0001) | 73·5 (<0·0001) |
| (R) Species × damage × harvest time | 0·3 (0·5838) | 0·5 (0·4795) |