Effect of D-Trp(8)-γMSH (γMSH) (500 μg/kg i.p.) administration on hypothalamic mRNA expression of: IL-1β (A), COX-2 (B) and CRH (C), and on serum concentrations of ACTH (D) and corticosterone (E) in control (C) and in LPS-injected (250 μg/kg) rats. PF = pair-fed rats. Each bar represents the mean ± SE for n = 7–10. mRNA expression was quantified using real-time RT-PCR and is presented as the increase of the mean value in control rats treated with saline. LPS injection increased hypothalamic IL-1β, COX-2 and CRH mRNA levels as well as serum ACTH and corticosterone levels (P<0.01) in rats injected with saline, but not in rats injected with γMSH. *P< 0.05 and **P< 0.01, vs. their respective control group. +P<0.05, ++P<0.01 vs. LPS-saline, °°P<0.01 vs. PF. LSD multiple comparison test, following one-way ANOVA.