Table 2. Subgroup Analyses of AF in CKD.
| Subgroup | No. of studies | HR (95% CI) | I2 (%) | P value for interaction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | ||||
| community-based | 2 | 1.69 (1.14–2.52) | 89.2 | 0.273 |
| population-based | 4 | 1.30 (1.05–1.61) | 72.6 | |
| Region | ||||
| Asian | 3 | 1.77 (1.27–2.47) | 79.8 | 0.167 |
| Non-Asian | 4 | 1.30 (1.05–1.61) | 72.6 | |
| Sample size | ||||
| <10000 | 3 | 1.38 (0.89–2.14) | 84.6 | 0.573 |
| ≥10000 | 4 | 1.55 (1.26–1.91) | 76.2 | |
| Participant’s average age (years) | ||||
| <60 | 2 | 1.71 (1.14–2.56) | 83 | 0.360 |
| ≥60 | 5 | 1.36 (1.12–1.65) | 70.5 | |
| Follow-up time, years | ||||
| <7.5 | 4 | 1.36 (1.04–1.77) | 77.3 | 0.460 |
| ≥7.5 | 3 | 1.61 (1.23–2.11) | 80.1 | |
| Definition of CKD only based on eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 | ||||
| Yes | 4 | 1.42 (1.02–1.98) | 88.9 | 0.772 |
| No | 3 | 1.44 (1.26–1.64) | 6.1 | |
| eGFR was calculated using the MDRD Study equation | ||||
| Yes | 5 | 1.47 (1.08–2.00) | 86.3 | 0.972 |
| No | 2 | 1.48 (1.29–1.68) | 0 | |
| Adjustment for confounding factors | ||||
| <11 | 3 | 1.49 (1.28–1.73) | 14.2 | 0.637 |
| ≥11 | 4 | 1.40 (1.01–1.94) | 89 | |
| Study quality | ||||
| fair | 2 | 1.60 (1.04–2.47) | 49.2 | 0.666 |
| good | 5 | 1.43 (1.14–1.80) | 85.5 | |
Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; AF, atrial fibrillation; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MDRD, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease.