Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients and controls
| Variable | Controls (n=22) | CSA (n=18) | UA (n=55) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) mean +/− SD | 67 +/− 11 | 66 +/− 11 | 63 +/− 11 | 0.236 |
| Sex (male) | 10 (45) | 11 (61) | 32 (58) | 0.493 |
| Caucasian | 20 (91) | 16 (89) | 50 (91) | 0.882 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension | 13 (59) | 15 (83) | 44 (80) | 0.085 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 18 (82) | 15 (83) | 43 (78) | 0.934 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3 (14) | 5 (28) | 20 (36) | 0.127 |
| Current smoker | 1 (5) | 2 (11) | 7 (13) | 0.557 |
| Family history of CAD | 4 (18) | 6 (33) | 20 (36) | 0.151 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 0 | 6 (33) | 18 (33) | 0.250 |
| Prior stroke | 1 (5) | 1 (5) | 3 (5) | 0.983 |
| Prior PCI | 0 | 6 (33) | 17 (31) | 0.009 |
| Prior CABG | 0 | 6 (33) | 10 (18) | 0.018 |
| Ejection fraction ≥50% | 16 (73) | 10 (56) | 34 (62) | 0.521 |
| PCI during index procedure | 0 (0) | 8 (44%) | 17 (31%) | 0.263 |
| Medications | ||||
| Aspirin | 5 (23) | 16 (89) | 41 (75) | <0.0001 |
| Clopidogrel | 1 (5) | 5 (28) | 14 (25) | 0.089 |
| Beta-blocker | 10 (45) | 10 (56) | 41 (75) | 0.027 |
| ACE-inhibitor | 8 (36) | 10 (56) | 24 (44) | 0.478 |
| Statin | 16 (73) | 10 (56) | 41 (75) | 0.079 |
| Insulin | 2 (9) | 2 (11) | 7 (13) | 0.889 |
| Oral hypoglycemic agent | 2 (9) | 3 (17) | 11 (20) | 0.494 |
Values are expressed as either mean ± standard deviation (SD) or number (%). ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; CAD, coronary artery disease; CSA, chronic stable angina; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; UA, unstable angina.