. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Ann Behav Med. 2016 Jun;50(3):427–435. doi: 10.1007/s12160-016-9769-9

Table 2.

Bivariate associations between chronic pain status and other study variables

Variable	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	M(SD)	Range
1 Age	–	.06	.07	.16^*	.20^*	.04	−.01	.30^**	.24^**	.20^**	.20^**	−.14	.13	27.5 (7.6)	18-65
2 Gender		–	−.03	.29^**	.22^*	.17^*	.17^*	.01	.07	.01	.16^*	−.08	.06	–	–
3 Education			–	−.02	−.04	−.07	−.12	−.06	−.02	.01	−.09	.07	−.08	–	–
4 Chronic Pain Status				–	.55^*	.32^**	.28^**	.19^**	.29^**	.32^**	.29^**	−.27^**	.32^**	–	–
5 GCPS¹-Pain Grade					–	.50^**	.51^**	.17	.34^**	.29^**	.19^*	−.24^*	.41^**	2.2 (1.2)	1-4
6 GAD-7²						–	.75^**	.17^*	.28^**	.19^**	.24^**	−.16^*	.34^**	8.3 (5.6)	0-21
7 CES-D³							–	.18^*	.30^**	.10	.15^*	−.14^*	.34^**	24.8 (12.5)	0-52
8 HSI⁴								–	.46^**	.28^**	.46^**	−.47^**	.57^**	1.3 (1.4)	0-5
9 MNWS⁵									–	.51^**	.66^**	−.47^**	.69^**	21.6 (13.8)	0-48
10 TAA-Difficulty⁶										–	.68^**	−.61^**	.52^**	5.4 (3.0)	0-9
11 SAQ-Withdrawal⁷											–	−.63^**	.70^**	3.3 (1.3)	0-5
12 Quit Self-Efficacy												–	−.57^**	1.9 (1.3)	0-4
13 WISDM⁸													–	35.3 (18.4)	0-74

Note. Gender: 0 = Male, 1 = Female

Graded Chronic Pain Scale (N = 114)

Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item

Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression Scale

⁴

Heaviness of Smoking Index

⁵

Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale

⁶

Thoughts About Abstinence Scale

⁷

Smoking Abstinence Questionnaire

⁸

Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives.

p < .05

^**

p < .01.