Fig. 4.
Cystometrograms for control and ketamine-treated mice. Representative cystometrograms from control (A and C) and ketamine-treated (B and D) groups are shown. Control mice: n = 5 at 12 wk and n = 7 at 16 wk; ketamine-treated mice: n = 7 at 12 wk and n = 4 at 16 wk. Repeatable voiding cycles were analyzed, and the change of voiding interval (time between peak pressure), basal pressure (minimum pressure after voiding), threshold pressure (pressure before voiding contraction), peak pressure (maximum voiding pressure minus basal pressure), compliance [volume (in μl) required for per unit cmH2O pressure increase] are shown in E. Ketamine decreased the voiding interval significantly at both 12- and 16-wk (ketamine withdrawal for 4 wk) time points; ketamine-treated mouse bladders also had significant less compliance and peak pressure. *P < 0.05.