Table 2. Compliance to Hand Hygiene Procedures and Standard Precautions Stratified for Job Tasks in Internship Wardsa.
| Job Tasks | ICU | % (95% CI) | SU | % (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Observations | Adhesions | Observations | Adhesions | |||
| HH: before direct contact with the patient | ||||||
| Physicians | 82 | 16 | 19.51 (10.93 - 28.09) | 96 | 6 | 6.25 (1.41 - 11.09) |
| Nurses | 105 | 34 | 32.38 (23.43 - 41.33) | 157 | 27 | 17.20 (11.29 - 23.10) |
| Nurse aide | 12 | 6 | 50.00 (21.71 - 78.29) | 47 | 13 | 27.66 (14.87 - 40.45) |
| HH: after direct contact with the patient | ||||||
| Physicians | 72 | 37 | 51.93 (39.84 - 62.93) | 80 | 34 | 42.50 (31.67 - 53.33) |
| Nurses | 133 | 101 | 75.94 (68.68 - 83.20) | 146 | 61 | 41.78 (33.78 - 49.78) |
| Nurse aide | 25 | 24 | 96 (88.32 - 100.00) | 31 | 12 | 38.71 (21.56 - 55.86) |
| HH: after removing the gloves | ||||||
| Physicians | 70 | 41 | 58.57 (47.03 - 70.11) | 24 | 12 | 50.00 (30.00 - 70.00) |
| Nurses | 212 | 125 | 58.96 (52.34 - 65.58) | 116 | 43 | 37.07 (28.28 - 45.86) |
| Nurse aide | 28 | 21 | 75 (58.96 - 91.04) | 46 | 17 | 36.96 (23.01 - 50.91) |
| HH: before using an invasive device for patient care | ||||||
| Physicians | 27 | 12 | 44.44 (25.70 - 63.19) | 8 | 0 | 00.00 (/) |
| Nurses | 20 | 9 | 45.00 (23.20 - 66.80) | 14 | 1 | 7.14 (0.00 - 20.63) |
| Nurse aide | 1 | 1 | 100.00 (100.00 - 100.00) | not recorded | not recorded | - |
| HH: after contact with inanimate objects including medical equipment | ||||||
| Physicians | 39 | 5 | 12.82 (2.33-23.31) | 33 | 10 | 30.30 (14.62-45.98) |
| Nurses | 110 | 29 | 26.36 (18.13-34.60) | 92 | 22 | 23.91 (15.20-32.63) |
| Nurse aide | 7 | 4 | 57.14 (20.48-93.80) | 17 | 5 | 29.41 (7.75-51.07) |
| Use gloves: for assistance patients | ||||||
| Physicians | 122 | 62 | 50.82 (41.95-59.69) | 63 | 24 | 38.10 (26.10 - 50.09) |
| Nurses | 259 | 187 | 72.20 (66.74 - 77.66) | 159 | 116 | 10.06 (5.39 - 14.74) |
| Nurse aide | 25 | 23 | 92.00 (81.37 - 100.00) | 50 | 50 | 100.00 (100.00 - 100.00) |
| Discharge gloves: after contact with the patient | ||||||
| Physicians | 53 | 42 | 79.25 (68.33 - 90.16) | 35 | 20 | 57.14 (40.75 - 73.54) |
| Nurses | 171 | 137 | 80.12 (74.13 - 86.10) | 68 | 66 | 97.6 (93.04 - 100.00) |
| Nurse aide | 17 | 12 | 70.59 (48.93 - 92.25) | 71 | 56 | 78.87 (69.38 - 88.37) |
| Use of the same gloves to assist more than one patient | ||||||
| Physicians | 36 | 0 | 00.00 (/) | 6 | 4 | 66.67 (28.95 - 100.00) |
| Nurses | 113 | 2 | 1.77 (0.00 - 4.20) | 24 | 17 | 70.83 (52.65 - 89.02) |
| Nurse aide | 9 | 0 | 00.00 (/) | not recorded | not recorded | / |
| Discharge gloves: after touching environmental surfaces in proximity of the patient, including medical equipment | ||||||
| Physicians | 14 | 6 | 42.86 (16.93 - 68.78) | 27 | 11 | 40.74 (22.21 - 59.27) |
| Nurses | 107 | 46 | 42.99 (33.61 - 52.37) | 29 | 15 | 51.72 (33.54 - 69.91) |
| Nurse aide | 12 | 8 | 66.67 (39.99 - 93.34) | 7 | 5 | 71.43 (37.96 - 100.00) |
aValues are expressed as numerical frequencies unless otherwise indicated.