Table 2.
Factors associated with performance of hand washing after exposure to Clostridium difficile, Jewish General Hospital, Canada, April 2012- March 2013
| Characteristics | Hand washing performed (%) | Hand washing not perfomed (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type of healthcare worker | |||
| Nurse | 18/94 (19.1 %) | 76/94 (80.9 %) | ref |
| MD | 2/12 (16.7 %) | 10/12 (83.3 %) | 0.90 |
| Medical resident/student | 6/32 (18.8 %) | 26/32 (81.3 %) | 0.91 |
| Orderly | 3/36 (8.3 %) | 33/36 (91.7 %) | 0.95 |
| Meal service | 0/40 (0 %) | 40/40 (100 %) | 0.24 |
| Othera | 6/33 (18.2 %) | 27/33 (81.8 %) | 0.99 |
| Hand hygiene | |||
| Hand rubbing alone | 0/82 (0 %) | 82/82 (100 %) | n/a |
| Hand washing alone | 24/24 (100 %) | 0/24 (0 %) | n/a |
| Hand rubbing followed by hand washing | 11/11 (100 %) | 0/11 (0 %) | n/a |
| None performed | 0/130 (0 %) | 130/130 (100 %) | n/a |
| Glove use | |||
| Glove use while caring for patient | 35/211 (16.6 %) | 176/211 (83.4 %) | ref |
| No glove use while caring for patients | 0/36 (0 %) | 36/36 (100 %) | 0.02 |
| Glove removalb | |||
| Proper timing of glove removal after leaving patient zoneb | 35/160 (21.9 %) | 125/160 (78.1 %) | Ref |
| Improper timing of glove removal after leaving patient zoneb | 0/51 (0 %) | 51/51 (100 %) | <0.001 |
| Location of nearest available sink | |||
| Hallway | 19/70 (27.1 %) | 51/70 (72.9 %) | Ref |
| Nursing station | 9/129 (7.0 %) | 120/129 (93.0 %) | 0.23 |
| Medication room | 4/28 (14.3 %) | 24/28 (85.7 %) | 0.27 |
| Other | 3/20 (15.0 %) | 17/20 (85.0 %) | 0.95 |
| Median distance to sink (IQR) | 7.6 (4.3–12.5) | 14.9 (10.4–23.4) | <0.001 |
| Number of turns required to reach sink | |||
| None | 21/82 (25.6 %) | 61/82 (74.4 %) | Ref |
| One 90° turn | 8/49 (16.3 %) | 41/49 (83.7 %) | 0.22 |
| Two 90° turns | 6/71 (8.5 %) | 65/71 (91.5 %) | 0.008 |
| ≥ Three 90o turns | 0/45 (0 %) | 45/45 (100 %) | 0.006 |
| Visualization of sink from patient zone | |||
| Sink within direct sight from patient room | 21/82 (25.6 %) | 61/82 (74.4 %) | Ref |
| Sink not in direct sight from patient room | 14/165 (8.5 %) | 151/165 (91.5 %) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: IQR interquartile range, n/a not applicable, Ref reference
aIncludes occupational therapist, physiotherapist, radiology technician, pharmacist
bOnly among 211 healthcare workers who wore gloves while in the room