Table 1. Characteristics of the selected trials in the meta-analysis.
| Study/Year | No. patients Exp/Con | Age/Gender (% Female) | Basic APACHE II Exp/Con | Primary diseases distribution | Intervention |
Outcome measures | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experiment Group | UT (control) group | ||||||
| Ai YH et al.11 | 22/18 | 42.0 ± 7.0 44.0% | 14.31 ± 3.71/15.46 ± 4.61 | Severe acute pancreatitis 20, suppurative cholangitis 5, multiple trauma 1, liver abscess 1, respiratory tract infection 3, and urinary tract infection 1. | Low-molecular weight heparin calcium 4100 U/12h × 7 days (SC) + UT. | Anti-infection, supplement blood capacity, stress ulcer prevention, glycemic control, nutritional support, and etiological treatment. | (1)+(2)+(3)+(6)+(7) +(8) |
| Zhang ZC et al.12 | 11/7 | 59.0 ± 9.0 38.9% | 15.87 ± 2.21/16.41 ± 2.15 | Pneumonia 9; Intestinal fistula and peritonitis 5, biliary tract infection 1, severe acute pancreatitis 1, severe trauma 1, catheter-related infection 1. | Low-molecular weight heparin calcium 6150 U/12h × 7 days (SC) + UT. | Broad spectrum antibiotics, supplement blood capacity, glycemic control, nutritional support, and etiological treatment. | (1)+(2)+(3)+(4)+(7) +(8) |
| Ren LB et al.13 | 65/40 | 54.26 ± 18.42 34.3% | 19. 33 ± 8. 27/18. 97 ± 10. 33 | NR. | Low-molecular weight heparin calcium 6150 U/12h × 7 days (SC) + UT. | Broad spectrum antibiotics, supplement blood capacity, glycemic control, nutritional support, and etiological treatment. | (1)+(4)+(5)+(6)+(7)+(8) |
| Huang T et al.14 | 29/30 | 61.1 ± 13.2 28.8% | 24.6 ± 7.5/23.6 ± 6.1 | NR. | Low-molecular weight heparin sodium 4000- 6000 U/12h × 14 days (SC) + UT. | Anti-infection, nutritional support, and etiological treatment. | (1)+(2)+(7)+(8) |
| Han Y et al.15 | 20/20 | 44.0 ± 8.0 45.0% | 14. 80 ± 6. 08/15.15 ± 5. 33 | Respiratory infection 13, suppurative cholangitis 4, multiple trauma 11, acute pancreatitis 9, skin or soft tissue infection 3. | Low-molecular weight heparin calcium 6150 U/12h × 7 days (SC) + UT. | Anti-infection and nutritional support. | (1)+(2)+(4)+(5)+(6)+(7)+(8) |
| Lin YJ et al.16 | 30/22 | 55.0 ± 7.0 44.2% | 22.1 ± 7.0/19.3 ± 5.7 | Severe acute pancreatitis 21, severe pulmonary infection 18, suppurative cholangitis 8, liver abscess 3, bacterial meningitis 1, peritonitis 1. | Low-molecular weight heparin sodium 5000 U/12h × 7 days(SC) + UT. | Broad spectrum antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, stress ulcer prevention, glycemic control, organ support, and etiological treatment. | (1)+(2)+(4)+(7)+(8) |
| Song HZ et al.17 | 30/30 | 73.05 ± 7.25 31.7% | 21.26 ± 5.16/21.78 ± 5.38 | NR. | Low-molecular weight heparin calcium 4100 U/d × 7 days (SC) + UT. | Broad spectrum antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, protecting gastric mucosa, acid suppression. | (1)+(4) |
| Chen P et al.18 | 30/30 | 56.5 ± 12.2 45.0% | 17.52 ± 3.83/19.25 ± 4.57 | Acute lung infection 15, septicemia 10, multiple trauma 8, suppurative cholangitis 7, acute pancreatitis 5, urinary tract infection 3, others 10. | Low-molecular weight heparin calcium 4100 U/d × 7 days (SC) + UT. | Broad spectrum antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, maintaining balance of water and electrolyte, and organ support. | (1)+(2)+(3)+(7)+(8) |
| Liu XF et al.19 | 35/34 | 56 ± 9.2 40.6% | 25.12 ± 5.01/24.88 ± 4.91 | Skin and soft tissue infections, severe acute pancreatitis, suppurative cholangitis, lung infection,, multiple injuries, etc. | Low-molecular weight heparin calcium 4100 U/12h × 14 days (SC)+UT. | Anti-infection, supplement blood capacity, balance of water and electrolyte., inhibition of acid secretion, nutritional support. | (1)+(7)+(8) |
| Zhu XM et al.20 | 22(A)/20(B)/19 | 60.5 ± 9.2 32.8% | 19.8 ± 6.1/18.6 ± 4.6/17.9 ± 5.8 | Lung infection 35, abdominal infection 11, biliary tract infection 8, limbs infection 4, skin and soft tissue infection 3. | A group: Low-molecular weight heparin sodium 5000 U/12h × 7 days (SC); B group 5000 U/d × 7 days (SC) + UT. | Antibiotics, supplement blood capacity, mechanical ventilation, glycemic control, nutritional support, and etiological treatment. | (1)+(2)+(4)+(7)+(8) |
| Chen J et al.21 | 15/15 | 64–94 43.3% | 16.78 ± 5.74/15.37 ± 3.38 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 8, pneumonia 10, cerebral vascular disease 4, after surgery 8. | Low-molecular weight heparin calcium 6150 U/d × 7 days (SC) + UT. | Anti-infection, respiratory support, nutritional support. | (1)+(2) |
Abbreviations: NR, not report; Exp, experiment; Con, control; UT, usual treatment; SC, subcutaneous injection; APACHE II, Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II.
(1) Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; (2) 28-day mortality; (3) length of intensive care unit stay; (4) D-dimer; (5) tumor necrosis factor-α; (6) interleukin-6; (7) platelet; (8) prothrombin time.