Table 3.
Prospective pilot study for effect of liraglutide treatment on adipogenic, lipogenic and inflammatory marker gene expression in SAT from MO subjects treated with metformin
| Liraglutide treatment | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | Before | After | Before | After | |
| Age (in surgery, years) | 44 | 44 | 48 | 48 | 51 | 51 |
| Weight (kg) | 137.5 | 136 | 146 | 143 | 158 | 156 |
| BMI (kg·m−2) | 54.5 | 54 | 50.1 | 49.8 | 56 | 55 |
| Waist | 139 | 138 | 132 | 130 | 149 | 147 |
| HOMA‐IR | 9.5 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 9 |
| HbA1c | 8.6 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 8.4 | 7.8 |
| Glucose (mmol·L−1) | 8.60 | 7.66 | 7.99 | 6.66 | 8.44 | 7.77 |
| Triglycerides (mmol·L−1) | 4.59 | 3.39 | 2.58 | 2.26 | 2.14 | 1.99 |
| Cholesterol (mmol·L−1) | 5.44 | 5.23 | 4.82 | 4.66 | 4.45 | 4.66 |
| SBP | 142 | 125 | 138 | 130 | 155 | 140 |
| DBP | 88 | 84 | 80 | 78 | 98 | 92 |
| Adiponectin (2−ΔCt) | 6.037 | 3.715 | 7.853 | 3.995 | 9.229 | 9.050 |
| PPARγ (2−ΔCt) | 0.081 | 0.071 | 0.089 | 0.079 | 0.097 | 0.086 |
| FABP4 (2−ΔCt) | 20.739 | 9.756 | 20.557 | 14.367 | 20.355 | 16.299 |
| ADRP (2−ΔCt) | 1.374 | 0.441 | 1.159 | 0.432 | 0.482 | 0.446 |
| LPL (2−ΔCt) | 1.419 | 0.987 | 1.606 | 1.298 | 1.792 | 1.225 |
| Perilipin (2−ΔCt) | 7.697 | 10.570 | 8.652 | 10.362 | 25.036 | 26.021 |
| TNF‐α (2−ΔCt) | 0.012 | 0.006 | 0.009 | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.007 |
MO subjects (n = 3) with T2D being treated with metformin received a supplementary treatment of liraglutide for 1 month. Anthropometric parameters and gene expression of adipogenic, lipogenic and inflammatory markers in SAT were evaluated before and after 1 month of liraglutide treatment. RNA from patients was isolated from SAT, and then PPAR γ, FABP4, ADRP, adiponectin, LPL, perilipin and TNF‐α gene expression was measured by RT‐PCR. Signals were normalized to constitutively expressed cyclophilin using the formula 2−ΔCt. SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.