Figure 6.

Apelin‐13 treatment attenuates hypoxia‐induced apoptosis and ROS overproduction in cardiomyocytes isolated from HFD‐fed mice. Primary cardiomyocytes isolated from HFD‐fed mice were treated with apelin (A, 100 nM) for 15 min. Representative images and quantification of intracellular ROS (A and B), mitochondrial O₂ ⁻ (C and D) and H₂O₂ (E and F) levels measured by the fluorescent probes DCFDA, MitoSOX Red or MitoPY1 respectively. (G) Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL. Arrowheads highlight TUNEL‐positive cells. Bar is 20 μm. (H) Quantification of % of apoptotic TUNEL‐positive cells.*, P < 0.05 versus N; #, P < 0.05 versus H.