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. 2016 May 16;10(5):e0004724. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004724

Table 5. Hazard ratio for 15-year mortality by the presence of any major electrocardiogram abnormalities among infected with Trypanosoma cruzi and stratified by individual proportion of African, Native American and European ancestry levels (The Bambui-Epigen Cohort Study of Aging).

ECG abnormality and ancestry level in quintiles No. Deaths (Death rate per 1,000 pyrs) HR (95% CI) adjusted for age, sex and health measuresa HR (95% CI) adjusted for age, sex, health measuresa and socioeconomic indicatorsb
All
No ECG abnormality 100 (38.2) 1.0 1.0
ECG abnormality 97 (74.8) 1.83 (1.44, 2.34) 1.78 (1.39, 2.28)
African ancestry
No ECG abnormality 100 (38.2) 1.0 1.0
ECG abnormality
Lowest (<4.2%) 20 (59.3) 1.25 (0.78, 2.02) 1.13 (0.70, 1.84)
2nd-4th (4.2%-19.9%) 122 (77.7) 1.93 (1.47, 2.54) 1.90 (1.43, 2.51)
Highest (≥20%) 55 (75.5) 1.75 (1.24, 2.48) 1.77 (1.25, 2.50)
Native American
No ECG abnormality 100 (38.2) 1,0 1.0
ECG abnormality
Lowest (<2.3%) 23 (64.7) 1.47 (0.96, 2.24) 1.45 (0.93, 2.27)
2nd-4th (2.3%-9.3%) 196 (73.9) 1.78 (1.34, 2.38) 1.74 (1.29, 2.33)
Highest (≥9.4%) 58 (81.8) 1.96 (1.43, 2.68) 1.91 (1.40, 2.62)
European
No ECG abnormality 100 (38.8) 1.0 1.0
ECG abnormality
Lowest (<71%) 58 (79.9) 1.90 (1.37, 2.63) 1.90 (1.37, 2.63)
2nd-4th (71%-92.7%) 116 (72.0) 1.82 (1.39, 2.39) 1.76 (1.33, 2.32)
Highest (≥93%) 23 (77.2) 1.40 (0.89, 2.22) 1.37 (0.86, 2.17)

ECG, electrocardiogram; pyrs, person-years at risk; HR (95% CI), hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression.

aSmoking, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, log high sensitivity C-reactive protein and non-HDL cholesterol plus cluster in family.

bSchooling level, monthly household income per capita and father’s occupation.