Table 5. Hazard ratio for 15-year mortality by the presence of any major electrocardiogram abnormalities among infected with Trypanosoma cruzi and stratified by individual proportion of African, Native American and European ancestry levels (The Bambui-Epigen Cohort Study of Aging).
ECG abnormality and ancestry level in quintiles | No. Deaths (Death rate per 1,000 pyrs) | HR (95% CI) adjusted for age, sex and health measuresa | HR (95% CI) adjusted for age, sex, health measuresa and socioeconomic indicatorsb |
---|---|---|---|
All | |||
No ECG abnormality | 100 (38.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
ECG abnormality | 97 (74.8) | 1.83 (1.44, 2.34) | 1.78 (1.39, 2.28) |
African ancestry | |||
No ECG abnormality | 100 (38.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
ECG abnormality | |||
Lowest (<4.2%) | 20 (59.3) | 1.25 (0.78, 2.02) | 1.13 (0.70, 1.84) |
2nd-4th (4.2%-19.9%) | 122 (77.7) | 1.93 (1.47, 2.54) | 1.90 (1.43, 2.51) |
Highest (≥20%) | 55 (75.5) | 1.75 (1.24, 2.48) | 1.77 (1.25, 2.50) |
Native American | |||
No ECG abnormality | 100 (38.2) | 1,0 | 1.0 |
ECG abnormality | |||
Lowest (<2.3%) | 23 (64.7) | 1.47 (0.96, 2.24) | 1.45 (0.93, 2.27) |
2nd-4th (2.3%-9.3%) | 196 (73.9) | 1.78 (1.34, 2.38) | 1.74 (1.29, 2.33) |
Highest (≥9.4%) | 58 (81.8) | 1.96 (1.43, 2.68) | 1.91 (1.40, 2.62) |
European | |||
No ECG abnormality | 100 (38.8) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
ECG abnormality | |||
Lowest (<71%) | 58 (79.9) | 1.90 (1.37, 2.63) | 1.90 (1.37, 2.63) |
2nd-4th (71%-92.7%) | 116 (72.0) | 1.82 (1.39, 2.39) | 1.76 (1.33, 2.32) |
Highest (≥93%) | 23 (77.2) | 1.40 (0.89, 2.22) | 1.37 (0.86, 2.17) |
ECG, electrocardiogram; pyrs, person-years at risk; HR (95% CI), hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression.
aSmoking, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, log high sensitivity C-reactive protein and non-HDL cholesterol plus cluster in family.
bSchooling level, monthly household income per capita and father’s occupation.