Table 2.

Unadjusted and Adjusted Maternal Outcome Comparisons by English Language Use in in Hawai‘i Maternity-Related Hospitalizations, 2012 (n=11,419)¹

	Total			Multivariable Model²
n	11,419
	English Speaker		P value	Non English speakers (vs. English speakers)
	Yes	No
n (% of sample)	10,270 (89.9%)	1,149 (10.1%)
	n (%)	n (%)	P	RR [95% CI]
Maternal Quality Indicators
Caesarean delivery rate	1,911 (20.7%)	234 (22.7%)	0.137	1.02 [0.88, 1.17]
Primary Caesarean delivery rate	934 (11.7%)	127 (14.7%)	0.011	1.18 [0.96, 1.45]
Vaginal Birth After Caesarean, all	324 (22.7%)	65 (34.2%)	<.001	1.02 [0.75, 1.40]
Vaginal Birth After Caesarean, Uncomplicated	318 (23.7%)	64 (36.0%)	<.001	1.03 [0.75, 1.41]
Obstetric Trauma Rate - C-section	³	³		⁴
Obstetric Trauma Rate - Vaginal Delivery Without Instrument	204 (2.8%)	36 (4.8%)	0.002	2.02 [1.34, 3.04]
Obstetric Trauma Rate - Vaginal Delivery With Instrument	91 (18.6%)	28 (25.9%)	0.087	1.48 [0.96, 2.28]
No Delivery Complications
ID Rate	8,108 (78.9%)	864 (75.2%)	0.003	0.97 [0.93, 1.01]
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	P	OR [95% CI]
SOI within APR-DRGs
540 (Caesarean delivery)	1.54 (0.71)	1.58 (0.73)	0.395	0.99 [0.72, 1.35]
541 (Vaginal Delivery w/ Sterilization &/or D&C)	1.50 (0.65)	1.52 (0.68)	0.879	0.95 [0.43, 2.12]
542 (Vaginal Delivery w/ Complicating Procedures Exc Sterilization &/or D&C)	1.73 (0.73)	1.64 (0.50)	0.614	1.61 [0.23, 11.3]
560 (Vaginal Delivery)	1.56 (0.64)	1.59 (0.62)	0.179	1.11 [0.93, 1.34]

P-values were based on two –sample t-tests for continuous variables; Chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables.

Models adjusted for race/ethnicity, age group, payer, rural vs. urban hospital location, high-risk pregnancy, and multiple gestation.

Number of observations <10 (too small to report due to data privacy rules).

⁴

Not enough observations (<10) to run multivariable models.