Figure 7.
Electromechanical properties of the IPMC actuators made from the pure Nafion membrane (curves in deep-red color) and GO/Ag NP-doped Nafion membrane (curves in blue color). (a) Representative electric signals collected from the Hall electric current sensor; (b) representative blocking force curves collected from the force sensor; (c) relationship between the blocking force and the actuation time. The IPMC was actuated by a square-wave voltage with a mean of 1.0 or 2.0 V and a fixed frequency of 0.1 Hz.