Table 1.
Therapist Endorsement of Specific Techniques to Treat Childhood Anxiety Disorders
| M (SD) | Never | Rarely | Moderately | Often | Always | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Problem Solving | 3.21 (0.87) | 2.1% | 1.2% | 13.3% | 40.3% | 43.0% |
| Identify Emotions | 3.20 (0.98) | 2.4% | 3.9% | 13.3% | 31.5% | 48.8% |
| Breathing Relaxation Techniques |
3.17 (0.97) | 2.4% | 3.0% | 16.0% | 32.6% | 45.9% |
| Breathing Retraining | 2.89 (1.16) | 6.7% | 6.1% | 14.3% | 37.4% | 35.6% |
| Replace Negative Thoughts with Positive Thoughts |
2.85 (1.15) | 5.8% | 7.0% | 18.5% | 33.7% | 35.0% |
| Client-Centered Therapy | 2.76 (1.15) | 6.8% | 7.7% | 18.8% | 36.1% | 30.6% |
| Mindfulness Techniques | 2.75 (1.03) | 3.6% | 7.0% | 26.1% | 37.9% | 25.5% |
| Cognitive Restructuring | 2.70 (1.08) | 6.1% | 4.9% | 26.8% | 37.5% | 24.7% |
| Progressive Muscle Relaxation |
2.61 (1.06) | 4.9% | 9.1% | 26.7% | 38.6% | 20.7% |
| Thought Stopping | 2.58 (1.14) | 8.6% | 6.7% | 23.3% | 40.8% | 20.6% |
| Thought Distraction Techniques |
2.42 (1.16) | 9.8% | 8.9% | 27.2% | 37.6% | 16.5% |
| Family Systems Therapy | 2.15 (1.15) | 11.2% | 13.6% | 35.5% | 27.9% | 11.8% |
| Motivational Interviewing | 2.09 (1.20) | 14.4% | 13.1% | 32.7% | 28.1% | 11.6% |
| Positive Imagery | 2.09 (1.24) | 15.5% | 13.1% | 31.1% | 27.1% | 13.1% |
| Client in vivo Exposure | 2.09 (1.18) | 13.1% | 16.2% | 29.9% | 30.8% | 10.1% |
|
Therapist Imaginal
Exposure |
2.04 (1.16) | 15.7% | 11.4% | 33.3% | 32.4% | 7.1% |
| Meditation | 1.90 (1.11) | 13.2% | 22.2% | 31.7% | 27.7% | 5.2% |
|
Client Imaginal
Exposure |
1.75 (1.22) | 21.1% | 19.9% | 27.5% | 25.7% | 5.8% |
|
Elimination of Safety
Behaviors |
1.64 (1.23) | 23.2% | 22.9% | 28.4% | 17.7% | 7.6% |
| Nondirective/Supportive Therapy |
1.63 (1.22) | 22.3% | 25.7% | 24.8% | 20.7% | 6.5% |
| Play Therapy | 1.49 (1.36) | 34.2% | 18.5% | 20.3% | 17.6% | 9.4% |
|
Therapist in vivo
Exposure |
1.47 (1.21) | 26.4% | 28.5% | 23.6% | 15.0% | 6.4% |
| ACT | 1.28 (1.21) | 37.5% | 19.7% | 22.2% | 18.1% | 2.5% |
| Art Therapy | 1.24 (1.16) | 35.5% | 24.8% | 23.5% | 13.1% | 3.1% |
| Attachment Therapy | 1.12 (1.22) | 43.3% | 21.3% | 20.4% | 9.8% | 5.2% |
| Psychodynamic/Analytical | 0.85 (1.14) | 54.0% | 22.0% | 13.1% | 7.0% | 4.0% |
| Music Therapy | 0.76 (0.95) | 50.5% | 31.6% | 11.2% | 5.2% | 1.5% |
|
Client Interoceptive
Exposure |
0.72 (1.01) | 58.2% | 21.5% | 12.7% | 5.8% | 1.8% |
|
Therapist Interoceptive
Exposure |
0.66 (0.98) | 59.8% | 22.4% | 11.3% | 4.6% | 1.8% |
| Sand Tray Therapy | 0.59 (1.01) | 69.6% | 10.3% | 13.1% | 5.5% | 1.5% |
| EMDR | 0.47 (0.96) | 76.2% | 9.1% | 6.7% | 7.0% | 0.9% |
| Biofeedback | 0.47 (0.89) | 73.7% | 11.6% | 9.5% | 4.6% | 0.6% |
| Hypnosis | 0.30 (0.79) | 83.5% | 8.0% | 4.6% | 2.8% | 1.2% |
Note. ACT = Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. EMDR = Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. Exposure techniques appear in bold text.