Table 2. Clinical characteristics of patients with Elizabethkingia bacteremia.
| Case/strain no. | Sex | Age | Underlying diseases | Diagnosis | Community- or hospital-acquired | No. of positive blood cultures (concomitant isolates) | Other culture-positive specimens | Antibiotic treatment | Complications/outcomee |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. anophelis | |||||||||
| EA1 | M | 54 | DM, hyperlipidemia, ischemic cardiomyopathy | Nosocomial pneumonia | HA | 1 | None | Piperacillin-tazobactam | Acute pulmonary edema, CHF, survived |
| EA2 | M | 65 | HT, DM, CAD, PVD, RAS, hyperlipidemia, carotid stenosis | Pseudobacteremia | NA | 1 | None | Cloxaciillin and levofloxacin, then amoxicillin-clavulanate | Survived |
| EA3 | F | 1m | Prematurity, twin, RDS, PDA | Catheter-related bacteremia | HA | 3 | None | Vancomycin, cefoperazone-sulbactam | Multi-organ failure, died |
| EA4 | F | 8d | Imperforated anus, rectovaginal fistula | Neonatal meningitis | HA | 2 | CSF | Vancomycin and rifampicin | Survived |
| EA5 | M | 65 | COPD, CAD, CHF, AF, CRHD, right hip AVN | Community-acquired pneumonia | CA | 1 | Sputum | Ciprofloxacin | Survived |
| EA6 | M | 37 | Dilated cardiomyopathy, CAD | Nosocomial bacteremia | HA | 1 | None | Ciprofloxacin | DIC, survived |
| EA7 | F | 64 | HT, hyperlipidemia, stage 4 DLBC lymphoma | Neutropenic fever, severe mucositis | HA | 2 | None | Meropenem | Septic shock, haematemesis, died |
| EA8 | M | 68 | HT, CRF, AAA | Nosocomial bacteremia | HA | 1 | Tracheal aspirate | Levofloxacin and vancomycin | Acute renal failure, died |
| EA9 | M | 73 | CA hypopharynx, CA ampulla of Vater | Pseudobacteremia | NA | 1 | None | Cefuroxime | Survived |
| EA10 | M | 51 | None | Community-acquired pneumonia | CA | 1 | Sputum | Ampicillin-sulbactam, then ciprofloxacin | Survived |
| EA11 | F | 104 | HT, CAD, CVA, nephrotic syndrome | Community-acquired pneumonia | CA | 1 | None | Amoxicillin-clavulanate | Died |
| EA12 | M | 59 | obesity, DM, CAD | Catheter-related bacteremia, drip site cellulitis | HA | 1 | None | Levofloxacin | Survived |
| EA13 | F | 35 | Epilepsy, HT, ESRF on HD | Catheter-related bacteremia | HA | 1 | None | Levofloxacin | Survived |
| EA14 | M | 58 | CRHD with AVR, ESRF on HD | Catheter-related bacteremia | HA | 1 | Catheter tip | Piperacillin-tazobactam, then levofloxacin | Septic shock, survived |
| EA15 | M | 88 | COPD, old PTB | Nosocomial (aspiration) pneumonia | HA | 1 | None | Levofloxacin | Survived |
| HKU36 | M | 21d | None | Neonatal meningitis | HA | 1 | CSF | Vancomycin, piperacillin and rifampicin | Survived |
| HKU38 | F | 1d | Apnea of prematurity | Neonatal meningitis | HA | 1 | CSF | Vancomycin, piperacillin-tazobactam and rifampicin | metabolic acidosis, IVH, survived |
| E. meningoseptica | |||||||||
| EME1 | M | 51 | Asthma, HT, scoliosis, MSSA infective spondylitis | Nosocomial bacteremia | HA | 1 | None | Ticarcillin-clavulanate | Survived |
| EME2 | M | 52 | Biliary pancreatitis, RPC, cholecystectomy, cirrhosis with biliary stent | Post-cholangiogram acute cholangitis | HA | 1 | None | Levofloxacin and metronidazole | Survived |
| EME3 | F | 89 | HT, AF, painless obstructive jaundice on palliative stenting | Biliary sepsis | CA | 1 | None | Levofloxacin | Survived |
| E. miricola | |||||||||
| EMI1 | M | 54 | DM, hyperlipidemia, ischemic cardiomyopathy | Catheter-related bacteremia | HA | 1 | CVP catheter | Levofloxacin | Survived |
aAAA, abdominal aortic aneurysm; AF, atrial fibrillation; AVN, avascular necrosis; AVR, atrial valve replacement; CA, carcinoma; CA, community-acquired; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRF, chronic renal failure; CRHD, chronic rheumatic heart disease; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; CVP, central venous pressure; DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation; DLBC, diffuse large B cell; DM, diabetes mellitus; ESRF, end-stage renal failure; HA, hospital-acquired; HD, hemodialysis; HT, hypertension; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; MSSA, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus; NA, not applicable; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PTB, pulmonary tuberculosis; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; RAS, renal artery stenosis; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; RPC, recurrent pyogenic cholangitis.