Table 7.
Summary of meta-analyses and individual trials from which intervention effects were extracted
| Drug class | Trials | Drug names | Comparator | Type | Blinded | Statistical method | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ACEI | 3 | Ramipril, Deserpidine, | Placebo | MA | Double* | RR, M-H, fixed, Chi2 | 72 % PP |
| Perindopril, Captopril | |||||||
| ARB | 17 | Cardisartan, Valsartan, | Placebo | MA | NR~ | RR, random, fixed, I2 | NR |
| Irbesartan, Telmisartan, Lorsartan | |||||||
| ASA | 6 | Soluble aspirin | Placebo1 | MA | Blindedƪ | Rate ratio, NS, X 2 | PP trials only |
| BB | 5 | Propanolol, Atenolol | Placebo | MA | Double§ | RR, M-H, fixed, Chi2 | 72 % PP |
| Big | 1 | Metformin | Conventional therapy | RCTs | No | NA | NA |
| CCB | 22▪ | NR | Placebo | MA | Double† | RR, M-H, fixed, Chi2 | NR |
| Diu | 19 | Indapamide, CHTD, Chlorothiazide, | Placebo | MA | Double¶ | RR, M-H, fixed, Chi2 | 72 % PP |
| HCTZ, Bendrofluazide, T richloromethiazide | |||||||
| Sta | 10 | Pravastatin, Lovastatin, | Placebo,UC2 or diet3 | MA | Double‡ | OR, random, fixed, I2 | 80 % PP or separate note on PP |
| Artorvastatin, Simvastatin, Rosuvastatin | |||||||
| Sulf | 1 | Sulfonylureas-insulin | Conventional therapy | RCTs | No | NA | NA |
ACEI - Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, ARB - Angiotensin Receptor Blocker, Asp - Soluble Aspirin, BB - Beta Blocker, Big - Biguanide, CCB - Calcium Channel Blocker, Diu - Diuretic, Sta - Statins, Sulf - Sulfonylureas, CHTD - Chlorothalidone, HCTZ - Hydrochlorothiazide, UC - usual care, MA - Meta analyses, RCTs - Randomized Controlled Trials, NR - Not reported, RR - Relative risk, M-H - Mantel Haenszel, OR - Odds ratio, PP - Primary prevention, SP - Secondary prevention, NA - Not applicable, 22▪ - These are trials which reported MI events; 9 reported stroke events, Double* - two trials were open label, NR ~ − Even though blinding was not reported it was considered in trial quality, Placebo1 - Two trials compared aspirin with no comparator and open-label vitamin E, Blindedƪ - Two trials were open trials, Double§ - One trial was single blinded and one open trial, Double† - One trial was not blinded, Double¶ - Four trials were single blinded and three trials were open, Double‡ - Blinding status was not reported for one trial. For those drug classes which were not compared with placebo, we assume that comparability between different drug classes remains valid since a non- pharmacological agent was used. Ideally a mixed treatment comparison analysis should have been performed with all the drug classes whose comparator was not a placebo