Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of the studied patients
| Clinical characteristics | Me (M ± SD) | Min–Max |
|---|---|---|
| Spirometry | ||
| FEV1, L | 1.36 (0.7) | 0.51–3.50 |
| FEV1%, normal | 49 (16.3) | 15–87 |
| Ratio of FEV1 to FVC | 0.61 (0.17) | 0.41–1.23 |
|
| ||
| Characteristics | n | % |
|
| ||
| Duration of the disease | ||
| 0–5 years | 17 | 16.67 |
| 5–10 years | 28 | 27.45 |
| 10–15 years | 34 | 33.33 |
| >15 years | 23 | 22.55 |
| Disease severity by GOLD | ||
| I | 3 | 3 |
| II | 38 | 37 |
| III | 53 | 52 |
| IV | 8 | 8 |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Hypertension | 47 | 46.07 |
| Coronary artery disease | 33 | 32.35 |
| Heart failure | 29 | 28.43 |
| Diabetes | 19 | 18.63 |
| Heart arrhythmia | 10 | 9.80 |
| Duration of smoking | ||
| 0–5 years | 22 | 21.57 |
| 5–10 years | 9 | 8.82 |
| 10–15 years | 20 | 19.61 |
| >15 years | 51 | 50.00 |
| The number of cigarettes smoked per day | ||
| 0–10 | 30 | 29.41 |
| 10–20 | 40 | 39.22 |
| >20 | 33 | 31.37 |
| Frequency of dyspnea exacerbations during last month | ||
| Once a day | 17 | 16.67 |
| More often than twice a day | 41 | 40.20 |
| Several times a week | 25 | 24.51 |
| Only after physical effort | 19 | 18.63 |
| Frequency of awakening due to COPD symptoms during the last month | ||
| Once a week | 28 | 27.45 |
| Three nights a week or more often | 57 | 55.88 |
| None | 17 | 16.67 |
| Hospitalization due to exacerbation of COPD during the last 12 months | ||
| Yes | 62 | 60.78 |
| No | 40 | 39.22 |
| Ability of taking inhaled medications | ||
| Yes | 66 | 64.71 |
| No | 36 | 35.29 |
| The use of oxygen at home | ||
| Yes | 11 | 10.78 |
| No | 91 | 89.22 |
Abbreviations: Me, median; M, mean; Min, minimum; Max, maximum; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; n, number of patients; GOLD, Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; SD, standard deviation.