Table 4.

Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with depression among diabetic patients attending UoGH Diabetic Clinic, Northwest Ethiopia (n=415)

Variables	Depression		Crude OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)
	Yes	No
Age (years)
18–29	16	75	1.04 (0.42–2.55)	1.91 (0.50–7.24)
30–39	8	62	0.63 (0.22–1.76)	0.85 (0.22–3.17)
40–49	11	58	0.92 (0.35–2.43)	1.36 (0.41–4.47)
50–59	20	112	0.87 (0.36–2.06)	0.84 (0.31–2.28)
>60	9	44	1.00	1.00
Sex
Female	33	169	1.15 (0.67–1.95)	0.77 (0.33–1.79)
Male	31	182	1.00	1.00
Religion
Christian	54	326	1.00	1.00
Muslim	10	25	2.4 (1.1–5.3)	2.65 (1.1–6.0)*
Residence
Urban	42	231	0.99 (0.56–1.17)	0.89 (0.31–2.58)
Rural	22	120	1.00	1.00
Marital status
Not married	28	135	1.24 (0.72–2.13)	1.11 (0.52–2.36)
Married	36	216	1.00	1.00
Had children
Yes	51	269	1.00	1.00
No	13	82	0.83 (0.43–1.61)	0.88 (0.41–1.88)
BMI (kg/m2)
<18.5	10	23	1.00	1.00
18.5–25.0	33	205	0.37 (0.16–0.84)	0.39 (0.16–0.93)
25–30	16	99	0.37 (0.15–0.93)	0.33 (0.12–0.89)
>30	5	25	0.46 (0.13–1.54)	0.35 (0.09–1.30)
Type of DM
Type I	30	176	1.00	1.00
Type II	34	175	1.14 (0.66–1.94)	1.23 (0.58–2.61)
Duration of diabetes (years)
<5	44	203	1.00	1.00
5–10	17	100	0.78 (0.42–1.49)	0.77 (0.41–1.43)
>10	3	48	0.28 (0.08–0.96)	0.27 (0.07–0.92)*
Glycemic control
Good	18	98	1.00	1.00
Poor	46	253	0.99 (0.54–1.79)	0.90 (0.47–1.71)
Regular physical exercise
Yes	7	52	1.41 (0.61–3.27)	0.75 (0.29–1.94)
No	57	299	1.00	1.00
Medical comorbidities
Yes	5	33	0.81 (0.30–2.17)	0.84 (0.29–2.39)
No	59	318	1.00	1.00
Diabetes complication(s)
Yes	22	104	1.24 (0.70–2.18)	1.65 (0.88–3.08)
No	42	247	1.00	1.00

^*Note: Statiscally significant at P<0.05.

Abbreviations: UoGH, University of Gondar Hospital; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus.