Table 5.
Percent change and logistic regression models predicting moderate and pronounced cognitive improvement after cochlear implantation
| Test | Year 1
|
Year 2
|
Year 3
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change in speechscore | P-value (significantif P<0.0015) | Change in speechscore | P-value (significantif P<0.0075) | Change in speech score (bi-modal testinga) | P-value (significantif P<0.0075) | Change in speech score | P-value (significant if P<0.0075) | |
| TOPF | 9.81* (1.02 to 18.60) | 0.0286 | 11.91** (3.83 to 19.99) | 0.0039 | 13.53** (5.73 to 21.33) | 0.0007 | 11.13* (1.96 to 20.31) | 0.0174 |
| WASI-VIQ | 10.31* (2.39 to 18.24) | 0.0108 | 12.20** (6.14 to 18.26) | 0.0001 | 11.62** (5.75 to 17.50) | 0.0001 | 12.43** (5.68 to 19.17) | 0.0003 |
| WASI-PIQ | 5.11 (−1.78 to 12.01) | 0.1461 | 3.45 (−3.35 to 10.24) | 0.3200 | 5.51* (−0.47 to 11.48) | 0.0707 | 4.77 (−1.42 to 10.97) | 0.1306 |
| WASI-FSIQ | 9.78* (2.78 to 16.77) | 0.0061 | 10.68** (4.03 to 17.34) | 0.0016 | 12.16** (5.89 to 18.43) | 0.0001 | 11.60** (4.70 to 18.50) | 0.0009 |
| Vocabulary | 8.47* (2.26 to 14.69) | 0.0076 | 10.22** (4.75 to 15.69) | 0.0003 | 11.09** (5.71 to 16.46) | 0.0001 | 9.85** (3.40 to 16.29) | 0.0028 |
| Similarities | 12.66* (−2.20 to 27.52) | 0.0949 | 14.42* (1.27 to 27.57) | 0.0316 | 15.45** (3.50 to 27.40) | 0.0113 | 18.62* (−2.69 to 39.92) | 0.0867 |
| Matrix Reasoning | 6.27* (−0.46 to 12.99) | 0.068 | 7.31* (0.83 to 13.78) | 0.0270 | 9.75** (3.94 to 15.57) | 0.0010 | 7.40* (−0.68 to 15.49) | 0.0727 |
| BNT | 6.43 (−2.01 to 14.88) | 0.1353 | 10.23** (2.89 to 17.57) | 0.0063 | 8.14* (−0.31 to 16.59) | 0.0591 | 7.84* (−0.27 to 15.95) | 0.0579 |
| Picture Naming | 3.07 (−3.57 to 9.72) | 0.3646 | 5.41* (−0.25 to 11.08) | 0.0611 | 2.37 (−3.81 to 8.55) | 0.4519 | 5.38** (3.58 to 7.18) | 0 |
| List Learning | 6.27* (1.04 to 11.50) | 0.0187 | 5.25* (−0.35 to 10.85) | 0.0663 | 5.10* (−0.79 to 10.99) | 0.0899 | 6.65** (2.19 to 11.12) | 0.0035 |
| List Recall | 5.64 (−2.69 to 13.97) | 0.1848 | 7.76* (−0.13 to 15.65) | 0.0537 | 8.76* (0.81 to 16.70) | 0.0309 | 3.23 (−6.53 to 12.98) | 0.5166 |
Notes: P-value significance thresholds: to correct for the possible inflation in type I error due to multiple comparisons, significance cannot be compared to a level of 0.05. Instead, P-values are statistically significant if they are lower than the P-value threshold shown for each year. This assumes a false positive rate of 5% (ie, 5% of significant results may still be due to type I error).
Significance reached without adjustment for type I error inflation.
Significance persistent after adjustment for type I error inflation.
In the bimodal condition, patients were tested with their cochlear implant in one ear and a best-fit hearing aid in the contralateral ear.
Abbreviations: BNT, Boston Naming Test; TOPF, Test of Premorbid Functioning; WASI, Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence; -VIQ, Verbal Intelligence Quotient; -PIQ, Performance Intelligence Quotient; -FSIQ, Full Scale Intelligence Quotient.