Table 1.

Task summary and behavioral and neuroimaging findings for schizophrenia

Task name	Measure objective	Results (schizophrenia patients only)	Related brain regions
Relational and Item-specific Encoding and Retrieval (RISE)15,23	Relational and item encoding and retrieval	Least impaired in item-specific encoding and familiarity-based retrieval Most impaired in relational encoding and recollection-based retrieval	DLPFC VLPFC Hippocampus
Associative Inference Paradigm (AIP)16,17	Inferring new association from novel situations	Impaired on the inferential pair	Not yet available
Levels-of-Processing effects (LOP)18,38,39,43	Encoding strategy: deep vs shallow encoding	Not impaired in deep encoding	PFC Extrahippocampal areas Left VLPFC (Brodmann area 47)
Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM)42	Automatic activation within the semantic network	Increase in false memory when the semantic strength of the words was high and also the relational encoding was not explicitly required

Abbreviations: DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; VLPFC, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; PFC, prefrontal cortex.