Table 2. F. novicida-based live attenuated vaccines.
| Vaccine strain (F. novicida) | Growth medium | Animal model | Sex | Vaccine dose (route) | Ft LVS challenge % protection (dose, route) | Ft SchuS4 challenge % protection (dose, route) | References | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| iglB: fopC | TSB | C57BL/6 | NA | 103 CFU (oral) | 80% (3.5×104 CFU, IN) | ND | 138 | 
| IglD | TSB CDM | BALB/c | NA | 9.7×108 CFU (IN) | ND | 0% (103 CFU, IN) | 139 | 
| Fischer rats (344) | F | 105 CFU (IT) | ND | 100% (104 CFU, IT) | |||
| NHP | M/F | 108 CFU (BR) | ND | 83% (103 CFU, aerosol) | |||
| iglB | TSB | Fischer rats (344) | F | 107 CFU (oral or IT) | ND | 50% (∼104 CFU, oral or IT) | 140 | 
| iglB:fljB | TSB | BALB/c | NA | 103 CFU (oral) | 83% (8.5×104 CFU, IN) | ND | 141 | 
| Fischer rats (344) | NA | 107 CFU (oral) | ND | 83% (104, IT) | 
Abbreviations: F. novicida, Francisella novicida; Ft, Francisella tularensis; LVS, live vaccine strain; TSB, tryptic soy broth medium; NA: not available; IN, intranasal; ND, not determined; CDM, Chamberlain's defined medium; F, female; IT, intrathecal; NHP, nonhuman primate (cynomolgus macaque); M, male; BR, bonchoscopy route.