Table 2.
Medications.
| Isoflurane | Isoflurane/Ket | Desflurane | Desflurane/Ket | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anesthetic Vapor % | 1 (0.2) n=10 | 1 (0.3) n=10 | 5.3 (0.9) n=9 | 5.7 (0.8) n=9 |
| Ketamine induction (mg), mean (±SD) | - | 180 (34.00) n=10 | - | 53.33 (10) n=9 |
| Ketamine infusion (μg/kg/min) | - | 10 n=1 | - | 5 n=9 |
| Propofol induction bolus (mg), mean (±SD) | 218 (59.78) n=10 | - | 182.22 (26.82) (n=9) | 216.67 (43.30) (n=9) |
| Fentanyl (μg), mean (±SD) | 192.86 (73.19) n=7 | 156.25 (77.63) n=8 | 133.33 (70.71) n=9 | 157.14 (93.22) n=7 |
| Sulfentanil (μg), mean (±SD) | - | 40 n=1 | - | - |
| Remifentanil (μg), mean (±SD) | - | - | 37.02 (32.47) n=3 | - |
| Remifentanil infusion (μg/kg/hr), mean (±SD) | - | - | 0.07 (0.03) (n=3) | - |
| Morphine mean (±SD) | - | 7.5 n=1 | - | - |
| Hydromorphone (mg), mean (±SD) | 0.68 (0. 39) n=4 | 0.4 n=1 | 0.45 (0.07) n=2 | 0.5 n=1 |
| Midazolam (mg), mean (±SD) | 1.89 (0.33) n=9 | 2.31 (1.16) n=8 | 1.8 (0.45) n=5 | 2.33 (0.82) n=6 |
| Neuromuscular blocker, n (%) | 9 (90) | 6 (60) | 9 (100) | 8 (88) |
Ket, Ketamine; SD, standard deviation.