Figure 1. The most effective COS concentration and pretreatment time.

TMV-CP was detected by western-blot using anti-TMV antibody.(A) The amount of TMV-CP in leaves pretreated 1d before TMV inoculation with different concentrations of COS. (B) The amount of TMV-CP in leaves pretreated with 50 mg/L COS with different pretreatment time. All samples were inoculated TMV for 7d, more than 30 Arabidopsis plants were used in each groups. These were a representative experiment and were independently repeated three times using different samples from independent treatment. The same amount of protein was loaded on SDS-PAGE gels, detected by anti-plant actin antibody, which served as the protein loading control. Full-length blots were uploaded as supplementary information (Supplementary Fig. A,B). The detection of TMV-CP and loading control were carried out under the same experimental conditions. (C,D) The relative TMV-CP levels in (A) and (B) were quantified by scanning densitometry using image j program. The quantitative densitometry values (histograms) which normalized to the loading controls were expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences (**P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001).