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. 2016 Mar 16;25(10):774–787. doi: 10.1089/scd.2016.0009

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2.

DC possess intracellular CTLA-4. Following CD14-selection, DC-differentiation, and CD11c enrichment, DC were analyzed for intracellular CTLA-4. CD11c+ DC were shown to possess intracellular CTLA-4 by (A) flow cytometry, (B) immunofluorescent confocal microscopy, and (C) RT-PCR. All methods revealed an increase in CTLA-4 quantity corresponding to DC maturation, and CTLA-4 siRNA successfully reduced CTLA-4 mRNA levels. (D) DC displayed a more global distribution of CTLA-4 than polarized, surface-bound CTLA-4 associated with T cells. (E) Tolerogenic DC differentiated with M-CSF and TGF-β possessed higher levels of intracellular CTLA-4 than conventional GM-CSF-/IL-4-differentiated DC. M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor.