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Production of cytokines by benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial cells (BPH-1) infected with T. vaginalis. Production of inflammatory cytokines CXCL8 (A), CCL2 (B), IL-1β (C), and IL-6 (D) by BPH-1 cells incubated with increasing numbers of live trichomonads for 3 hr, 6 hr, and 12 hr, respectively, was measured using ELISA. C, BPH-1 cell alone. *P<0.05 vs untreated BPH-1 cells.
