TABLE 2.

Occult or latent neuromuscular disorders causing elevated creatine kinase

Muscle dystrophies

Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies

Dystrophin mutations in female carriers

Limb girdle

Myofibrillar myopathy

Desmin-related myofibrillar myopathy

Myotonic dystrophy

Metabolic and mitochondrial disorders of muscle

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency

McArdle disease

Myoadenylate deaminase deficiency

Mitochondrial myopathies

Pompe disease (acid maltase deficiency)

Inflammatory myopathies

Hypomyopathic dermatomyositis

Inclusion body myositis

Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis

Antisynthetase syndrome

Others

Familial elevated creatine kinase

Sarcoid myopathy

Motor neuron diseases

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

Other congenital diseases