Table 3. Results from the hierarchical regression analysis where individual, work-related, and psychiatric variables were regressed upon the workaholism score (N = 16,426).
| Step 1 | Step 2 | Step 3 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | (Individual demographics) | (Work demographics) | (Psychiatric symptoms) | ||||||||||||
| B | SEB | β | t | p | B | SEB | β | t | P | B | SEB | β | t | p | |
| Individual demographics | |||||||||||||||
| Age | -0.043 | .004 | -.088 | -11.014 | .000 | -0.074 | .004 | -.153 | -17.800 | .000 | -0.040 | .004 | -.082 | -10.091 | .000 |
| Gender (male = 1, female = 2) | 0.029 | .090 | .003 | 0.319 | .749 | 0.874 | .096 | .076 | 9.065 | .000 | 0.892 | .090 | .078 | 9.947 | .000 |
| In a relationship (yes = 1, no = 2) | 0.271 | .096 | .022 | 2.820 | .005 | 0.524 | .094 | .043 | 5.569 | .000 | .463 | .086 | .038 | 5.403 | .000 |
| Primary schoola | -0.048 | .209 | -.002 | -0.228 | .820 | 0.380 | .208 | .015 | 1.824 | .068 | -0.193 | .189 | -.007 | -1.022 | .307 |
| High schoola | -0.283 | .119 | -.021 | -2.385 | .017 | 0.013 | .120 | .001 | 0.111 | .911 | -0.171 | .109 | -.013 | -1.577 | .115 |
| Vocational schoola | -0.444 | .124 | -.031 | -3.589 | .000 | -0.218 | .122 | -.015 | -1.780 | .075 | -0.325 | .111 | -.023 | -2.929 | .003 |
| University Master/PhDa | 0.697 | .120 | .050 | 5.809 | .000 | 0.406 | .120 | .029 | 3.378 | .001 | 0.357 | .109 | .026 | 3.272 | .001 |
| Work demographics | |||||||||||||||
| Work status (full-time = 1, else = 0) | -0.007 | .117 | -.001 | -0.062 | .950 | 0.134 | .106 | .010 | 1.259 | .208 | |||||
| Top-level manager positionb | 3.128 | .175 | .155 | 17.875 | .000 | 3.179 | .159 | .158 | 20.050 | .000 | |||||
| Mid-level manager positionb | 2.158 | .123 | .146 | 17.571 | .000 | 2.265 | .111 | .153 | 20.353 | .000 | |||||
| Other managerial tasksb | 1.183 | .107 | .089 | 11.033 | .000 | 1.222 | .097 | .092 | 12.589 | .000 | |||||
| Public sectorc | -0.323 | .092 | -.029 | -3.501 | .000 | -0.125 | .084 | -.011 | -1.494 | .135 | |||||
| Franchise/self-employmentc | 1.017 | .218 | .037 | 4.666 | .000 | 0.791 | .197 | .029 | 4.012 | .000 | |||||
| Annual gross income | 0.222 | .027 | .089 | 8.088 | .000 | 0.282 | .025 | .113 | 11.319 | .000 | |||||
| Psychiatric symptoms | |||||||||||||||
| ADHD | 0.116 | .005 | .196 | 22.745 | .000 | ||||||||||
| OCD-Washing | 0.116 | .027 | .035 | 4.307 | .000 | ||||||||||
| OCD-Obsessing | -0.019 | .022 | -.008 | -0.880 | .379 | ||||||||||
| OCD-Hoarding | 0.152 | .018 | .065 | 8.454 | .000 | ||||||||||
| OCD-Ordering | 0.123 | .020 | .052 | 6.257 | .000 | ||||||||||
| OCD-Checking | 0.030 | .021 | .012 | 1.450 | .147 | ||||||||||
| OCD-Neutralizing | 0.145 | .030 | .041 | 4.901 | .000 | ||||||||||
| Anxiety | 0.243 | .015 | .165 | 16.527 | .000 | ||||||||||
| Depression | 0.106 | .016 | .058 | 6.810 | .000 | ||||||||||
| Model summary | |||||||||||||||
| Variance explained by model | R2 = .012 (1.2%) | R2 = .066 (6.6%) | R2 = .237 (23.7%) | ||||||||||||
| Change in variance by next step | ΔR2 = .054 (5.4%) | ΔR2 = .170 (17.0%) | |||||||||||||
| Statistical significance of model | F (7, 16418) = 29.618, p = .000 | F (14, 16411) = 83.448, p = .000 | F (23, 16402) = 221.250, p = .000 | ||||||||||||
| Statistical significance of steps | ΔF (7, 16411) = 135.578, p = .000 | ΔF (9, 16402) = 406.727, p = .000 | |||||||||||||
B, unstandardized regression coefficient; SEB, unstandardized standard error; β, standardized regression coefficient; t, t-test value; p, probability value
R2, squared multiple correlation coefficient; ΔR2, change in R2 between steps; F, F value with corresponding degrees of freedom; ΔF, change in F between steps.
aBachelor’s degree comprises the reference category.
bNon-managerial position comprises the reference category.
cPrivate sector comprises the reference category.