Table 1. Patient Characteristics (N = 489).
| N | % | Mean (SD) | Median (Range) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic variables | ||||
| Age (years) | 59.10(11.28) | 60.00(18–79) | ||
| ≤ 55 | 170 | 34.8 | ||
| 56–65 | 164 | 33.5 | ||
| ≥ 66 | 155 | 31.7 | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 345 | 70.6 | ||
| Female | 144 | 29.4 | ||
| Marital status | ||||
| Married/ cohabitation | 437 | 89.4 | ||
| Single/widowed/divorced | 52 | 10.6 | ||
| Education | ||||
| Middle school or below | 238 | 48.7 | ||
| High school | 126 | 25.8 | ||
| Junior college or above | 125 | 25.6 | ||
| Clinical variables | ||||
| Cancer type | ||||
| Bladder cancer | 244 | 49.9 | ||
| Kidney cancer | 245 | 50.1 | ||
| Time since diagnosis (months) | 6.04 (3.55) | 5.00(1–12) | ||
| ≤ 3 | 149 | 30.5 | ||
| 4–6 | 143 | 29.2 | ||
| 7–12 | 197 | 40.3 | ||
| Cancer stage | ||||
| I | 285 | 58.3 | ||
| II | 204 | 41.7 | ||
| Treatment type | ||||
| No treatment | 4 | 0.8 | ||
| Surgery | 294 | 51.9 | ||
| Chemotherapy | 1 | 0.2 | ||
| Combined treatment | 230 | 47.0 | ||
| Metastasis | ||||
| No | 486 | 99.4 | ||
| Yes | 3 | 0.6 | ||
| Recurrent | ||||
| Yes | 14 | 2.9 | ||
| No | 475 | 97.1 | ||
| CES-D (Scores ≥ 16) | 379 | 77.5 | ||
| SAS (Scores ≥ 50)a | 339 | 69.3 | ||
| PCL-C (Scores ≥ 50) | 123 | 25.2 | ||
| Psychological co-morbidityb | 122 | 24.9 |
CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; SAS = Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; PCL-C = Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version.
a Standard score was used.
b Patients suffered from both depression, anxiety and PTSD.