Table 2. CES-D, SAS, PCL-C scores in demographic and clinical variables.

	CES-D	p-value	SAS	p-value	PCL-C	p-value
Demographic variables
Age		0.806		0.586		0.307
≤ 55	23.17±9.63		43.98±9.15		37.42±13.99
56–65	23.78±8.51		44.82±9.03		39.51±12.59
≥ 66	23.20±9.96		43.81±9.94		37.72±13.21
Gender		0.309		0.616		0.670
Male	23.11±9.42		44.07±9.38		38.05±13.43
Female	24.05±9.22		44.54±9.35		38.61±12.98
Marital status		0.534		0.925		0.583
Married/ cohabitation	23.29±9.32		44.22±9.32		38.11±13.45
Single/widowed/divorced	24.15±9.77		44.09±9.81		39.09±11.91
Education		0.001		<0.001		0.002
Middle school or below	23.93±9.26a		44.58±9.03a		38.95±12.83a
High school	24.86±8.22a		46.22±8.29a		40.34±12.76a
Junior college or above	20.85±10.19b		41.48±10.39b		34.68±14.08b
Clinical variables
Cancer type		0.766		0.506		0.359
Bladder cancer	23.26±9.41		43.93±9.63		38.77±13.29
Kidney cancer	23.51±9.33		44.49±9.10		37.66±13.29
Time since diagnosis		0.014		0.010		0.001
≤ 3	25.09±8.36a		46.06±8.43a		41.61±12.33a
4–6	23.34±9.01		43.90±9.87b		37.41±13.28b
7–12	22.12±10.14b		43.03±9.48b		36.24±13.57b
Treatment		0.366		0.803		0.795
Combined treatment	23.77±8.96		44.30±9.51		38.04±13.16
Surgery	23.00±9.77		44.09±9.29		38.36±13.48
Cancer stage		0.012		0.008		0.002
I	22.49±9.55		43.27±9.62		36.62±12.90
II	24.64±8.96		45.51±8.84		40.44±13.53
Recurrent		0.085		0.148		0.966
Yes	19.14±10.38		40.64±10.75		38.07±13.86
No	23.51±9.32		44.32±9.32		38.23±13.29

CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; SAS = Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale; PCL-C = Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version.

^a,b Calculated by least-significant-difference (LSD), mean scores for depression, anxiety and PTSD with unequal superscripts differ significantly at the p < 0.05 level.

Independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were used.