Table 4.
Short-term and long-term odds ratios for a serious fall injury associated with initiation, addition of new class, and titration of antihypertensive medication.
| Overall (N=90,127 serious fall injuries) |
Prior hypertension diagnosis* (N=90,127 serious fall injuries) |
No recent hospitalization† (N=60,211 serious fall injuries) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case period days |
Case period N(%‡) |
Control periods N(%§) |
OR (95% CI) |
Case period N(%‡) |
Control periods N(%§) |
OR (95% CI) |
Case period N(%‡) |
Control periods N(%§) |
OR (95% CI) |
|
| Initiation | ||||||||||
| 0–14 days‖ |
272 (0.30) |
1,201 (0.22) |
1.36 (1.19, 1.55) |
159 (0.18) |
701 (0.13) |
1.36 (1.15, 1.62) |
146 (0.24) |
635 (0.18) |
1.38 (1.15, 1.65) |
|
| 30–44 days# |
201 (0.22) |
1,000 (0.22) |
1.01 (0.86, 1.17) |
133 (0.15) |
568 (0.13) |
1.17 (0.97, 1.41) |
100 (0.17) |
535 (0.18) |
0.93 (0.75, 1.16) |
|
| 60–74 days** |
195 (0.22) |
805 (0.22) |
0.97 (0.83, 1.13) |
116 (0.13) |
452 (0.13) |
1.03 (0.84, 1.26) |
111 (0.18) |
424 (0.18) |
1.05 (0.85, 1.29) |
|
| 90–104 days†† |
201 (0.22) |
604 (0.22) |
1.00 (0.85, 1.17) |
116 (0.13) |
336 (0.12) |
1.04 (0.84, 1.28) |
102 (0.17) |
322 (0.18) |
0.95 (0.76, 1.19) |
|
| Addition of new class |
||||||||||
| 0–14 days‖ |
1,508 (1.67) |
7,820 (1.45) |
1.16 (1.10, 1.23) |
1,276 (1.42) |
6,664 (1.23) | 1.15 (1.09, 1.23) |
687 (1.14) |
3,450 (0.95) | 1.20 (1.10, 1.30) |
|
| 30–44 days# |
1,361 (1.51) |
6,459 (1.43) |
1.05 (0.99, 1.12) |
1,160 (1.29) |
5,504 (1.22) | 1.06 (0.99, 1.13) |
577 (0.96) |
2,873 (0.95) | 1.00 (0.92, 1.1) |
|
| 60–74 days** |
1346 (1.49) |
5,113 (1.42) |
1.05 (0.99, 1.12) |
1,146 (1.27) |
4,358 (1.21) | 1.05 (0.99, 1.12) |
595 (0.99) |
2,278 (0.95) | 1.05 (0.95, 1.15) |
|
| 90–104 days†† |
1,290 (1.43) |
3,823 (1.41) |
1.01 (0.95, 1.08) |
1,105 (1.23) |
3,253 (1.20) | 1.02 (0.95, 1.09) |
567 (0.94) |
1,711 (0.95) | 0.99 (0.90, 1.09) |
|
| Titration | ||||||||||
| 0–14 days‖ |
3,113 (3.45) |
16,714 (3.09) |
1.13 (1.08, 1.18) |
2,696 (2.99) |
14,542 (2.69) |
1.12 (1.08, 1.17) |
1,432 (2.38) |
7,662 (2.12) | 1.13 (1.07, 1.20) |
|
| 30–44 days# |
2,874 (3.19) |
13,840 (3.07) |
1.04 (1.00, 1.09) |
2,510 (2.78) |
12,032 (2.67) |
1.05 (1.00, 1.10) |
1,275 (2.12) |
6,387 (2.12) | 1.00 (0.94, 1.06) |
|
| 60–74 days** |
2,865 (3.18) |
10,975 (3.04) |
1.05 (1.00, 1.09) |
2,511 (2.79) |
9,521 (2.64) | 1.06 (1.01, 1.11) |
1,302 (2.16) |
5,085 (2.11) | 1.03 (0.96, 1.09) |
|
| 90–104 days†† |
2,820 (3.13) |
8,155 (3.02) |
1.04 (1.00, 1.09) |
2,434 (2.70) |
7,087 (2.62) | 1.03 (0.98, 1.08) |
1,280 (2.13) |
3,805 (2.11) | 1.01 (0.95, 1.08) |
|
For the prior hypertension diagnosis, definitions of initiation, addition of a new antihypertensive medication class, and antihypertensive medication titration additionally required having one or more diagnoses of hypertension (International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision [ICD-9] diagnoses of 401.xx) in the 365 days prior to the case or control period.
Beneficiaries who were hospitalized within 365 days prior to their serious fall injury were excluded.
Calculated as 100 times (number of serious fall injuries in case period divided by total number of serious fall injuries).
Calculated as 100 times (total number of serious fall injuries across the control periods divided by the product of number of control periods times total number of serious fall injuries)
Six control periods: 30–44, 60–74, 90–104, 120–134, 150–164, and 180–194 days prior to the fall.
Five control periods: 60–74, 90–104, 120–134, 150–164, and 180–194 days prior to the fall.
Four control periods: 90–104, 120–134, 150–164, and 180–194 days prior to the fall.
Three control periods: 120–134, 150–164, and 180–194 days prior to the fall.