Table 1.
Demographic characteristics, behavioral performance (raw and corrected t scores) and cerebral gray matter volumes (GMVs) of SD patients and healthy control subjects.
| Healthy controls |
SD patients |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raw score | Raw score | Corrected t score | ||
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 60.50 (3.93) | 61.26 (8.63) | ||
| Gender (male:female) | 8:12 | 12:7 | ||
| Education level (years) | 10.45 (2.89) | 11.53 (3.34) | ||
| Handedness (right:left) | 20:0 | 19:0 | ||
| Behavior-imaging data collection interval (days) | 46.65 (42.37) | 41.47 (71.98) | ||
| Behavioral performance | ||||
| Confrontation naming | Oral picture naming (n = 140) | 124.25 (7.95) | 33.68 (21.07) | -10.26 (2.65) |
| Oral sound naming (n = 36) | 25.40 (4.06) | 6.79 (4.38) | -4.31 (1.35) | |
| Single-word comprehension | Picture associative matching (n = 70) | 66.45 (2.39) | 50.42 (7.87) | -5.36 (2.76) |
| Word associative matching (n = 70) | 67.15 (1.46) | 49.16 (8.89) | -18.32 (10.10) | |
| Word-picture verification (n = 70) | 67.25 (1.94) | 40.11 (14.23) | -12.46 (6.87) | |
| Object knowledge for low-frequency concepts | Naming to definition (n = 22) | 18.35 (2.43) | 4.59 (3.86) | -7.83 (3.07) |
| Surface dyslexia | Regularity effect of word reading aloud (the correct numbers on irregular words – those on regular words) | -0.40 (0.82) | -2.16 (2.24) | -2.45 (2.83) |
| Regularization errors of word reading aloud (max = 12) | 0.40 (0.75) | 1.89 (1.37) | 2.58 (2.23) | |
| Repetition | Oral repetition (n = 12) | 11.55 (0.94) | 11.00 (1.37) | -0.44 (1.18) |
| Grammar processing | Percentage of reasonable sentences for cookie theft picture description (accuracy) | 91% (13%) | 87% (14%) | -0.35 (0.96) |
| Arithmetic ability | Number calculation (n = 7) | 6.50 (0.69) | 6.32 (1.06) | -0.24 (1.52) |
| General cognitive state | MMSE (max = 30) | 27.95 (1.61) | 20.47 (4.40) | -3.81 (2.21) |
| Visuospatial perception | REY-O copy (max = 36) | 34.75 (1.77) | 32.00 (4.38) | -1.62 (2.54) |
| Episodic memory | REY-O recall (max = 36) | 16.05 (6.53) | 8.94 (7.99) | -1.23 (1.16) |
| Executive function | STT (seconds) | 91.35 (36.05) | 121.00 (74.56) | 0.87 (2.09) |
| Cerebral gray matter volume | ||||
| In the whole brain (cm3) | 421 (28) | 372 (39) | -1.62 (1.16) | |
| In unilateral temporal pole (cm3) | Left temporal pole | 5.09 (0.78) | 1.35 (0.52) | -3.92 (0.66) |
| Right temporal pole | 6.62 (0.78) | 2.90 (1.80) | -4.27 (1.95) | |
The numbers in parentheses are the standard deviations.