Table 1.
Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of the Cohort Comparing Minimally Invasive and Abdominal Hysterectomy
| Characteristic | Unadjusted | Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting* | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Hysterectomy (N = 4,139) | MIS Hysterectomy (N = 2,165) | P† | Abdominal Hysterectomy (N = 4,762) | MIS Hysterectomy (N = 3,100) | P‡ | |||||
| No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | |||
| Year of diagnosis | < .001 | .01 | ||||||||
| 2006 | 1,032 | (24.9) | 106 | (4.9) | 877 | (18.4) | 402 | (13.0) | ||
| 2007 | 826 | (20.0) | 172 | (7.9) | 768 | (16.1) | 495 | (16.0) | ||
| 2008 | 730 | (17.6) | 277 | (12.8) | 789 | (16.6) | 489 | (15.8) | ||
| 2009 | 667 | (16.1) | 450 | (20.8) | 837 | (17.6) | 595 | (19.2) | ||
| 2010 | 508 | (12.3) | 554 | (25.6) | 764 | (16.1) | 569 | (18.4) | ||
| 2011 | 376 | (9.1) | 606 | (28.0) | 727 | (15.3) | 550 | (17.8) | ||
| Age, years | .01 | .91 | ||||||||
| < 65-69 | 1,151 | (27.8) | 648 | (29.9) | 1,353 | (28.4) | 904 | (29.2) | ||
| 70-74 | 1,176 | (28.4) | 6535 | (30.2) | 1,401 | (29.4) | 928 | (29.9) | ||
| 75-79 | 873 | (21.1) | 450 | (20.8) | 986 | (20.7) | 619 | (20.0) | ||
| ≥ 80 | 939 | (22.7) | 414 | (19.1) | 1,022 | (21.5) | 649 | (20.9) | ||
| Race/ethnicity | .001 | .29 | ||||||||
| White | 3,608 | (87.2) | 1,951 | (90.1) | 4,201 | (88.2) | 2,787 | (89.9) | ||
| Black | 288 | (7.0) | 109 | (5.0) | 296 | (6.2) | 167 | (5.4) | ||
| Other | 243 | (5.9) | 105 | (4.9) | 265 | (5.6) | 146 | (4.7) | ||
| Marital status | . | . | .002 | .61 | ||||||
| Married | 1,859 | (44.9) | 1,055 | (48.7) | 2,185 | (45.9) | 1,395 | (45.0) | ||
| Unmarried | 2,148 | (51.9) | 1,026 | (47.4) | 2,411 | (50.6) | 1,610 | (51.9) | ||
| Other | 132 | (3.2) | 84 | (3.9) | 166 | (3.5) | 95 | (3.1) | ||
| Residence | < .001 | .39 | ||||||||
| Metropolitan | 3,381 | (81.7) | 1,920 | (88.7) | 3,984 | (83.7) | 2,633 | (84.9) | ||
| Nonmetropolitan | 758 | (18.3) | 245 | (11.3) | 778 | (16.3) | 467 | (15.1) | ||
| Socioeconomic status | < .001 | .38 | ||||||||
| Lowest (first) quintile | 1,109 | (26.8) | 421 | (19.5) | 1,186 | (24.9) | 710 | (22.9) | ||
| Second quintile | 1,030 | (24.9) | 463 | (21.4) | 1,133 | (23.8) | 725 | (23.4) | ||
| Third quintile | 692 | (16.7) | 358 | (16.5) | 792 | (16.6) | 493 | (15.9) | ||
| Fourth quintile | 918 | (22.2) | 606 | (28.0) | 1,126 | (23.7) | 778 | (25.1) | ||
| Highest (fifth) quintile | 390 | (9.4) | 317 | (14.6) | 525 | (11.0) | 394 | (12.7) | ||
| Registry area | < .001 | .16 | ||||||||
| East | 959 | (23.2) | 566 | (26.1) | 1,164 | (24.5) | 763 | (24.6) | ||
| Midwest | 1,485 | (35.9) | 546 | (25.2) | 1,513 | (31.8) | 889 | (28.7) | ||
| West | 1,695 | (41.0) | 1,053 | (48.6) | 2,084 | (43.8) | 1,447 | (46.7) | ||
| Comorbidity score | < .001 | .76 | ||||||||
| 0 | 2,252 | (54.4) | 1,329 | (61.4) | 2,686 | (56.4) | 1,754 | (56.6) | ||
| 1 | 1,184 | (28.6) | 548 | (25.3) | 1,315 | (27.6) | 879 | (28.4) | ||
| ≥ 2 | 703 | (17.0) | 288 | (13.3) | 761 | (16.0) | 467 | (15.1) | ||
| Grade | < .001 | .43 | ||||||||
| 1 | 1,369 | (33.1) | 841 | (38.9) | 1,665 | (35.0) | 1,165 | (37.6) | ||
| 2 | 1,331 | (32.2) | 660 | (30.5) | 1,521 | (31.9) | 980 | (31.6) | ||
| 3 | 1,008 | (24.4) | 398 | (18.4) | 1,049 | (22.0) | 632 | (20.4) | ||
| Unknown | 431 | (10.4) | 266 | (12.3) | 528 | (11.1) | 324 | (10.5) | ||
| Tumor stage | < .001 | .37 | ||||||||
| IA | 2,037 | (49.2) | 1,193 | (55.1) | 2,410 | (50.6) | 1,670 | (53.9) | ||
| IB | 859 | (20.8) | 424 | (19.6) | 986 | (20.7) | 603 | (19.4) | ||
| INOS | 138 | (3.3) | 69 | (3.2) | 165 | (3.5) | 102 | (3.3) | ||
| II | 436 | (10.5) | 162 | (7.5) | 463 | (9.7) | 258 | (8.3) | ||
| III | 669 | (16.2) | 317 | (14.6) | 737 | (15.5) | 467 | (15.1) | ||
| Lymphadenectomy | .40 | .64 | ||||||||
| No | 1,227 | (29.6) | 620 | (28.6) | 1,405 | (29.5) | 939 | (30.3) | ||
| Yes | 2,912 | (70.4) | 1,545 | (71.4) | 3,357 | (70.5) | 2,161 | (69.7) | ||
| Histology | < .001 | .003 | ||||||||
| Endometrioid | 3,654 | (88.3) | 1,961 | (90.6) | 4,259 | (89.4) | 2,829 | (91.3) | ||
| Carcinosarcoma | 151 | (3.7) | 39 | (1.8) | 133 | (2.8) | 40 | (1.3) | ||
| Serous | 334 | (8.1) | 165 | (7.6) | 370 | (7.8) | 231 | (7.5) | ||
| Teaching hospital | < .001 | .06 | ||||||||
| No | 1,363 | (32.9) | 727 | (33.6) | 1,588 | (33.3) | 1,054 | (34.0) | ||
| Yes | 2,567 | (62.0) | 1,201 | (55.5) | 2,855 | (60.0) | 1,790 | (57.7) | ||
| Unknown | 209 | (5.1) | 237 | (11.0) | 319 | (6.7) | 256 | (8.3) | ||
| NCI center | < .001 | |||||||||
| No | 3,701 | (89.4) | 1,857 | (85.8) | 4,178 | (87.7) | 2,726 | (88.0) | .98 | |
| Yes | 367 | (8.9) | 243 | (11.2) | 475 | (10.0) | 303 | (9.8) | ||
| Unknown | 71 | (1.7) | 65 | (3.0) | 108 | (2.3) | 70 | (2.3) | ||
| Hospital beds | < .001 | .69 | ||||||||
| < 200 | 563 | (13.6) | 182 | (8.4) | 556 | (11.7) | 341 | (11.0) | ||
| 200-400 | 1,182 | (28.6) | 528 | (24.4) | 1,322 | (27.8) | 820 | (26.5) | ||
| 401-600 | 1,486 | (35.9) | 908 | (41.9) | 1,788 | (37.6) | 1,242 | (40.1) | ||
| > 600 | 837 | (20.2) | 480 | (22.2) | 988 | (20.8) | 624 | (20.1) | ||
| Unknown | 71 | (1.7) | 67 | (3.1) | 108 | (2.3) | 72 | (2.3) | ||
| Hospital volume | < .001 | .37 | ||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 4.2 | (2.2-9.7) | 5.7 | (3.0-9.8) | 4.6 | (2.4-9.7) | 5.2 | (2.3-9.7) | ||
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; MIS, minimally invasive surgery; NCI, National Cancer Institute.
*
Frequency numbers were rounded to integers based on weight.
†
P values were derived from χ2 tests.
‡
P values were derived from weighted surveylogistic model.