Table 3.
Patient Factors Associated With Any Material Financial Hardship Associated With Cancer, Its Treatment, or Lasting Effects of Treatment, by Age Group
| Age 18-64 Years | Age ≥ 65 Years* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted Probability† | 95% CI | Wald F P | Adjusted Probability† | 95% CI | Wald F P | |
| Current age, years | .009 | .012 | ||||
| 18-54 | 34.1 | 27.7 to 41.2 | — | — | — | |
| 55-64 | 22.9 | 18.2 to 28.3 | — | — | — | |
| 65-74 | — | — | — | 17.8 | 13.5 to 23.2 | |
| ≥ 75* | — | — | — | 9.7 | 6.4 to 14.5 | |
| Sex | .034 | .415 | ||||
| Male | 22.0 | 16.0 to 29.5 | 15.2 | 10.8 to 20.9 | ||
| Female | 31.3 | 26.5 to 36.6 | 12.5 | 8.7 to 17.5 | ||
| Race/ethnicity | .008 | .052 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white only | 26.1 | 21.8 to 31.0 | 13.0 | 9.8 to 16.9 | ||
| All other race/ethnicities | 37.3 | 29.7 to 45.5 | 20.4 | 13.7 to 29.4 | ||
| Current marital status | .469 | .660 | ||||
| Married | 27.1 | 22.2 to 32.6 | 13.1 | 9.5 to 17.8 | ||
| Not married‡ | 30.1 | 23.8 to 37.4 | 14.6 | 9.9 to 21.0 | ||
| Current family income as percent of poverty level§ | .433 | .816 | ||||
| Q1: < 185.24 | 33.6 | 25.5 to 42.8 | 16.0 | 10.1 to 24.3 | ||
| Q2: 185.24-328.31 | 31.5 | 23.0 to 41.3 | 11.9 | 7.6 to 18.0 | ||
| Q3: 328.32-589.40 | 27.8 | 20.8 to 36.0 | 13.5 | 8.0 to 21.8 | ||
| Q4: ≥ 589.41 | 20.0 | 11.2 to 33.2 | 13.8 | 7.8 to 23.2 | ||
| Employment change due to cancer | < .001 | |||||
| Employed at or after diagnosis and took extended paid or unpaid leave or switched to part time | 49.1 | 40.9 to 57.3 | — | — | — | |
| Employed, but did not take extended leave or switch to part time | 20.2 | 15.4 to 26.2 | — | — | — | |
| Not employed at or after diagnosis/missing | 17.3 | 12.2 to 23.9 | — | — | — | |
| Current health insurance‖ | .106 | .629 | ||||
| Age 18-64, any private | 24.8 | 20.3 to 29.9 | — | — | — | |
| Age 18-64, public only | 36.6 | 25.6 to 49.2 | — | — | — | |
| Age 18-64, uninsured | 40.6 | 25.7 to 57.6 | — | — | — | |
| Age ≥ 65, Medicare and private* | — | — | — | 12.9 | 9.4 to 17.4 | |
| Age ≥ 65, Medicare and other public* | — | — | — | 12.0 | 6.1 to 22.3 | |
| Age ≥ 65, Medicare only* | — | — | — | 16.1 | 10.9 to 23.1 | |
| Number of MEPS priority conditions (excluding cancer)¶ | .749 | .131 | ||||
| 0-1 | 29.0 | 23.5 to 35.2 | 19.0 | 11.8 to 29.1 | ||
| 2-8 | 27.8 | 22.6 to 33.7 | 12.5 | 9.4 to 16.4 | ||
| Time since last treatment | .014 | .490 | ||||
| 1 year | 36.1 | 28.3 to 44.7 | 13.9 | 8.6 to 21.6 | ||
| 1 to < 5 years | 33.3 | 25.6 to 42.0 | 13.3 | 7.6 to 22.2 | ||
| ≥ 5 years# | 24.3 | 18.7 to 31.0 | 15.5 | 10.8 to 21.7 | ||
| Never treated/missing | 16.7 | 8.6 to 29.8 | 7.7 | 3.2 to 17.3 | ||
Note. Data from 2011 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Experiences With Cancer Survey. Boldface type indicates statistical significance.
Abbreviations: MEPS, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey; Q, quartile (Q1 is the lowest income quartile as a percentage of poverty line and Q4 is the highest income quartile).
Age top-coded ≥ 85 by the MEPS.
Predicted marginals from a multivariable logistic regression.
Not married includes widowed, divorced, separated, or never married.
Quartiles of family income as a percent of poverty level defined based on distribution in full sample.
Public insurance included Medicare, Medicaid, State Children's Health Insurance Program, and/or other public hospital/physician coverage. Age < 65, public only, comprised people younger than 65 years who had one or more types of public coverage and did not have private coverage. Age ≥ 65, Medicare and other public, comprised people age 65 and older who had both Medicare and one or more other types of public coverage. TRICARE/CHAMPVA was treated as private coverage, as were employer-based, union-based, and other private insurance.
MEPS priority conditions include arthritis, asthma, diabetes, emphysema, heart disease (angina, coronary heart disease, heart attack, other heart condition/disease), high cholesterol, hypertension, and stroke.
Years since last treatment top-coded at ≥ 20 by the MEPS.