Table 1.
Sample characteristics at baseline
| Entire sample (N=638) |
Non-Hispanic White (N=184) |
African American (N=229) |
Hispanic (N=225) |
Group differencesa |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 80.03 (5.60) | 80.16 (5.75) | 79.76 (5.74) | 80.18 (5.22) | W=AA=H |
| Education | 10.80 (4.77) | 13.68 (3.24) | 12.34 (3.44) | 6.88 (4.39) | W>AA>H |
| % Female | 68.18 | 59.78 | 69.00 | 74.22 | W<AA<H |
| CV risk | 1.10 (0.83) | 0.97 (0.82) | 1.19 (0.84) | 1.12 (0.81) | W<AA=H |
| % with Diabetes | 21.79 | 14.67 | 26.64 | 22.67 | W<AA=H |
| % with Hypertension | 66.61 | 55.98 | 69.43 | 72.44 | W<AA=H |
| % with Heart disease | 21.47 | 26.09 | 22.71 | 16.44 | W>H=AA |
| WMH volume | 3.51 (5.57) | 2.11 (3.13) | 4.89 (7.27) | 3.25 (4.79) | W<H<AA |
| % with Infarct(s) | 31.50 | 32.07 | 35.37 | 27.11 | W=AA=H |
| Hippocampal volume | 2.63 (0.38) | 2.55 (0.38) | 2.64 (0.39) | 2.69 (0.36) | W<AA=H |
| Cortical thickness | 2.58 (0.13) | 2.58 (0.12) | 2.55 (0.14) | 2.59 (0.13) | W=H>AA |
| Memory | 0.13 (0.73) | 0.36 (0.77) | 0.00 (0.79) | 0.07 (0.58) | W>AA=H |
| Language | 0.31 (0.64) | 0.65 (0.59) | 0.33 (0.56) | 0.02 (0.60) | W>AA>H |
| Speed/executive functioning | 0.18 (1.03) | 0.54 (0.82) | 0.32 (0.95) | −0.31 (1.12) | W>AA>H |
| Visuospatial | 0.30 (0.57) | 0.63 (0.38) | 0.33 (0.50) | 0.01 (0.63) | W>AA>H |
Note. CV=Cardiovascular; WMH=White Matter Hyperintensity; W=Non-Hispanic White; AA=African American; H=Hispanic
a
Group differences are based on t-tests (p<.05).