Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Across Racial/Ethnic Groups of Childhood Cancer Survivors
| Characteristic | Non-Hispanic White (n = 12,397) | Non-Hispanic Black (n = 694) | Hispanic (n = 750) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at interview,* years | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 32.9 (9.1) | 28.8 (9.0) | 29.8 (9.0) | < .001 |
| Range | 8.2-58.9 | 9.4-55.0 | 10.8-57.7 | |
| Age at diagnosis, years | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 8.4 (5.9) | 7.4 (5.4) | 7.5 (5.4) | < .001 |
| Range | 0-20.9 | 0-20.8 | 0-20.7 | |
| Interval from diagnosis, years | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 24.5 (6.8) | 21.3 (6.8) | 22.3 (6.9) | < .001 |
| Range | 6.5-39.3 | 8.6-38.9 | 8.8-38.7 | |
| Sex, No. (%) | ||||
| Male | 6,653 (53.7) | 376 (54.2) | 389 (51.9) | .60 |
| Female | 5,744 (46.3) | 318 (45.8) | 361 (48.1) | |
| Age at diagnosis, years, No. (%) | ||||
| 0-4 | 4,895 (39.5) | 315 (45.4) | 322 (42.9) | < .001 |
| 5-9 | 2,703 (21.8) | 152 (21.9) | 204 (27.2) | |
| 10-14 | 2,534 (20.4) | 148 (21.3) | 129 (17.2) | |
| 15-20 | 2,265 (18.3) | 79 (11.4) | 95 (12.7) | |
| Year of diagnosis, No. (%) | ||||
| 1970-1973 | 1,721 (13.9) | 70 (10.1) | 84 (11.2) | < .001 |
| 1974-1977 | 2,596 (20.9) | 108 (15.6) | 142 (18.9) | |
| 1978-1981 | 3,272 (26.4) | 176 (25.4) | 168 (22.4) | |
| 1982-1986 | 4,808 (38.8) | 340 (49.0) | 356 (47.5) | |
| Socioeconomic status,* No. (%) | ||||
| Household income, $ | ||||
| < 20,000 | 1,830 (15.7) | 238 (39.1) | 182 (26.6) | < .001 |
| 20,000-39,999 | 2,711 (23.2) | 158 (26.0) | 192 (28.1) | |
| 40,000-59,999 | 2,328 (19.9) | 88 (14.5) | 124 (18.2) | |
| 60,000+ | 4,814 (41.2) | 124 (20.4) | 185 (27.1) | |
| Education | ||||
| Lower than high school | 1,431 (11.7) | 137 (20.4) | 147 (20.0) | < .001 |
| High school | 2,031 (16.7) | 145 (21.6) | 144 (19.6) | |
| Higher than high school | 8,736 (71.6) | 389 (58.0) | 445 (60.5) | |
| Health insurance | ||||
| Yes | 9,327 (82.0) | 509 (79.5) | 528 (76.4) | < .001 |
| No | 1,362 (12.0) | 121 (18.9) | 158 (22.9) | |
| Canadian resident, No. (%) | 685 (6.0) | 10 (1.6) | 5 (0.7) | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors,* No. (%) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 406 (3.3) | 33 (4.8) | 31 (4.1) | .06 |
| Hypertension | 1,679 (13.5) | 111 (16.0) | 72 (9.6) | .001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1,029 (8.3) | 28 (4.0) | 43 (5.7) | < .001 |
| Obesity | 2,442 (20.3) | 156 (23.5) | 178 (24.6) | .004 |
| Diagnosis group, No. (%) | ||||
| Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | 3,682 (29.7) | 164 (23.6) | 294 (39.2) | < .001 |
| Acute myeloid leukemia | 299 (2.4) | 20 (2.9) | 18 (2.4) | |
| Other leukemia | 115 (0.9) | 8 (1.2) | 11 (1.5) | |
| CNS tumors | 1672 (13.5) | 74 (10.6) | 77 (10.2) | |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | 1,721 (13.9) | 69 (9.9) | 91 (12.1) | |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 933 (7.5) | 46 (6.6) | 55 (7.3) | |
| Kidney tumors | 1,046 (8.4) | 120 (17.3) | 60 (8.0) | |
| Neuroblastoma | 829 (6.7) | 52 (7.5) | 37 (4.9) | |
| Soft tissue sarcoma | 1,065 (8.6) | 78 (11.2) | 56 (7.5) | |
| Bone tumors | 1,035 (8.3) | 63 (9.1) | 51 (6.8) | |
| Received radiation therapy, No. (%) | ||||
| Yes | 7,527 (67.5) | 313 (65.8) | 396 (65.7) | .48 |
| No | 3,619 (32.5) | 163 (34.2) | 207 (34.3) | |
| Alkylating agent CED,† mg/m2, No. (%) | ||||
| 0 | 5,394 (53.6) | 204 (47.4) | 240 (45.0) | < .001 |
| 1-3,999 | 1,120 (11.1) | 49 (11.4) | 83 (15.6) | |
| 4,000-7,999 | 1,057 (10.5) | 67 (15.6) | 56 (10.5) | |
| 8,000+ | 2,492 (24.8) | 110 (25.6) | 154 (28.9) | |
| Anthracycline score‡, No. (%) | ||||
| None | 6,797 (63.9) | 231 (52.5) | 334 (59.5) | < .001 |
| 1 | 1,273 (12.0) | 72 (16.4) | 73 (13.0) | |
| 2 | 1,279 (12.0) | 77 (17.5) | 66 (11.8) | |
| 3 | 1,282 (12.1) | 60 (13.6) | 88 (15.7) |
Abbreviation: CED, cyclophosphamide equivalent dose.
*
For time-dependent variables, information at the last contact is shown.
†
Green et al.14
‡
Anthracycline scores were no exposure (None) and the tertiles of anthracycline dose, 0.1-204 mg/m2 (1), 205-355 mg/m2 (2), and > 355 mg/m2 (3).