Table 3. Brain regions showing differences in fALFF values among groups.

Contrasts for group comparisons and identified brain regions labeled by AALa	Direction	MNI coordinatesb (cluster maxima)			Cluster size (mm3)	t (cluster maxima)	P-value
		x	y	z
TRD>non-TRD
Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part	R	54	30	0	945	4.19	<0.001
Middle occipital gyrus	R	−30	−90	24	297	4.03	<0.001
Thalamus	R	21	−18	12	270	3.98	<0.001
Supramarginal gyrus	R	54	−45	27	324	3.73	<0.001
Vermis/lingual/cerebellum	L/R	0	−45	27	675	3.70	<0.001
TRD>HC
Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part	R	57	30	3	891	4.69	<0.001
Middle occipital gyrus/angular gyrus/inferior parietal lobule	R	48	−78	27	4509	4.62	<0.001
Vermis/cerebellum	L/R	3	−51	6	2673	4.39	<0.001
Precuneus	L/R	0	−57	48	5049	4.11	<0.001
Thalamus	R	21	−21	3	270	4.04	<0.001
Cerebellum	L	−9	−42	−33	459	4.01	<0.001
HC>TRD
Precentral	L	−42	−18	63	324	4.79	<0.001
Calcarine cortex/inferior occipital gyrus	R	15	−102	−3	1512	4.45	<0.001
Calcarine cortex	L	−9	−99	−6	945	4.44	<0.001
Paracentral lobule	L	−15	−27	63	1107	4.15	<0.001
Pre/postcentral gyrus	L	−30	−24	42	1026	3.97	<0.001
Non-TRD>HC
Middle occipital gyrus	L	−33	−63	27	486	4.22	<0.001
Precuneus/cuneus	L	−6	−63	48	3024	3.88	<0.001
Precuneus	L	−9	−60	15	540	3.67	<0.001
Angular gyrus	R	42	−69	33	783	3.01	0.002
HC>non-TRD
Pre/postcentral gyrus	L	−36	−15	45	783	3.96	<0.001
Precentral gyrus	L	−15	−27	57	297	3.52	<0.001

Abbreviations: AAL, anatomical automatic labeling; fALFF, fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations; HC, healthy control; L, left; MNI, Montreal Neurological Institute, R, right; TRD, treatment-resistant depression.

^aP_uncorrected<0.005, k≥10.

^bCoordinates (x, y and z) show primary peak voxel locations of each cluster in the MNI space.