Table 3. HAM-D score and CSF levels of amino acids and ratio in subjects at baseline and 3-year follow-up.
| Characteristic | Baseline | Baseline | 3-year follow-up | 3-year follow-up |
Analyses (P-values) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison group (N=17) | MDD group (N=19) | Comparison group (N=17) | MDD group (N=19) | ME time | ME MDD | Interaction | |
| 21-item HAM-D | 1.118±1.900 | 17.105±10.493 | 2.235±6.006 | 8.737±8.096 | 0.005 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Glutamine | 567.0±83.2 | 587.1±85.1 | 604.8±80.7 | 594.5±90.4 | 0.175 | 0.835 | 0.359 |
| Glutamate | 0.680±0.86 | 0.399±0.116 | 0.655±0.788 | 0.652±0.658 | 0.482 | 0.355 | 0.395 |
| Glycine | 13.30±6.18 | 11.96±2.79 | 13.2±4.51 | 13.37±5.20 | 0.456 | 0.668 | 0.388 |
| l-Serine | 25.8±5.68 | 23.23±5.69 | 25.0±5.66 | 25.4±7.79 | 0.564 | 0.537 | 0.207 |
| d-Serine | 1.76±0.40 | 1.75±0.45 | 1.80±0.41 | 1.91±0.49 | 0.09 | 0.717 | 0.315 |
| Glutamine/glutamate | 1221.98±472.7 | 1571.21±440.2 | 1311.06±463.9 | 1230.63±455.9 | 0.192 | 0.271 | 0.029 |
| Glycine/l-serine | 0.501±.147 | 0.536±0.153 | 0.546±0.208 | 0.535±0.128 | 0.467 | 0.787 | 0.454 |
| d-Serine/l-serine | 0.071±.021 | 0.078±0.021 | 0.074±0.018 | 0.079±0.021 | 0.277 | 0.41 | 0.673 |
Abbreviations: CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; 21 HAM-D, 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; MDD, major depressive disorder; ME MDD, main effect of MDD status (depressed and controls); ME time, main effect of time (baseline and follow-up).
The data are mean±s.d. The analysis method used was 2 × 2 repeated-measures analysis of variance. The bold values in the Analyses are statistically significant.