Figure 1.

Experimental setup for conducting ultrahigh-intensity electrolysis of M. smegmatis. Electric pulses were applied across a PDMS microfluidic channel via two platinum electrodes. Pulses were generated by cutting off constant voltage generated by a power supply. The pulse duration and direction were set in a LabVIEW program that operated a H-bridge circuit (consisting of 4 high-voltage relays) via a data acquisition (DAQ) card. The two-layered microfluidic device contained two pneumatic valves. The dimensions of the electrolysis channel were 800 μm × 200 μm × 10 μm. There were circular supporting pillars in the large chambers to prevent collapsing.