Table 4. Median and mean Diabetes Risk Score, prevalence of Increased DM risk and assessed risk factors of diabetes.
| Parameter | All participants (n = 200) | HAART group (n = 100) | HAART-naïve group (n = 100) | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DRS (%) | ||||
| Median (%) | 1.99 | 2.30 | 1.62 | 0.002b |
| IQRc(%) | 0.15–6.40 | 1.13–8.28 | 0.58–4.06 | |
| Increased DM risk (DRS ≥ 7) | ||||
| Prevalence, n (%) | 48 (24%) | 31 (31%) | 17 (17%) | 0.020 |
| 95% CI, (%) | 18.26–30.53 | 22.13–41.03 | 10.23–25.82 | |
| History of smoking | ||||
| Smoker | 3 (1.5%) | 2 (2%) | 1 (1%) | 0.844 |
| Used to smoke | 8 (4%) | 4 (4%) | 4 (4%) | |
| Non-smoker | 189 (94.5%) | 94 (94%) | 95 (95%) | |
| Treatment of HTN | ||||
| No HTN medications | 143 (71.5%) | 62 (62%) | 81 (81%) | 0.003 |
| On HTN medications | 57 (28.5%) | 38 (38%) | 19 (19%) | |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | ||||
| <25 | 119 (59.5%) | 50 (50%) | 69 (69%) | 0.016 |
| 25–27.49 | 50 (25%) | 29 (29%) | 21 (21%) | |
| 27.5–29.99 | 31 (15.5%) | 21 (21%) | 10 (10%) | |
| Family history of DM | ||||
| No first degree family members with diabetes | 189 (94.5%) | 91 (91%) | 98 (98%) | 0.055 |
| Parent or sibling with diabetes mellitus | 11 (11%) | 9 (9%) | 2 (2%) | |
| Use of steroidsd | ||||
| Not on steroids | 200 (100%) | 100 (100%) | 100 (100%) | - |
| On steroids | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
a P-value for Chi-square test comparing the HAART and HAART-naïve groups
bP-value for Wilcoxon rank sum (Mann-Whitney) test comparing the HAART and HAART-naïve groups
cIQR—Interquartile range
dNo participant reported using steroids